CHAPTER 04

ELEMENTS OF
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
FOUR ELEMENTS OF KNOWLEDGE
MANAGEMENT

• Knowledge creation and capture

• Knowledge sharing and enrichment
• Information storage and retrieval
• Knowledge dissemination
KNOWLEDGE CREATION AND
CAPTURE
KNOWLEDGE CREATION AND CAPTURE

 Interaction among people generate knowledge

 Competitive nature of todays Org is: generates ideas and concepts.

Two factors in determining competitiveness

are:

 Creativity and innovation : it is essential for long term viability of

any organization.
Create new product ,
Develop efficient Manufacturing process
Improve designs and function
CONTD..

Creativity and Innovation are 2 important traits and skill needed

to make the organization more productive and competitive and it
requires proper management.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SKILLS AND
TRAITS
• Skills are tangible factors that you actually bring to the
table. Things such as HTML, PowerPoint, Tax Preparation,
Medication Compounding, Social Media Management, Lesson
Planning, Accounts Receivable, Contract negotiations, etc.
They are things that require you to develop a certain level of
understanding, productivity or efficiency to claim expertise.

A trait is therefore defined as, “a quality that makes one

person or thing different from another”. These are the
things that make you who you are, that are part of your
personality: the things that make you different from other
people. The difference is that these are subjective. One
person's definition of being hard-working is not the same as
another's. Traits come without a quantifiable or standard
measure. They are often, but not always, amplifiers of how
you do or complete something that is a skill.
METHODOLOGY FOR CREATIVITY

• Brainstorming : Sharing views and ideas of

different minds and solving problem by
presenting ideas
• Mental Models

• Capturing knowledge by tacit and explicit

• Within organization
• Outside organization
CONTENT MANAGEMENT

• Most important component of Knowledge creation

and capturing

• Content management is the process of

organizing and consolidating these pieces
of content (text, graphics, and multimedia clips)
and tagging schemes (XML, HTML, etc,) in the
most efficient way and storing them only one
time in a repository, known as a content
management system
 CONTENT MANAGEMENT

Its the creation of an information Database

• Three decisions involve in the process of populating
the information database
1. First: How new information will be created
contributed and Published
2. Second :Who will have access or right to
update or delete information in database
3. Third: which information are worthy of
inclusion in the database.
SUBMISSION AND INDEXING

• Many ways by which information can be gathered

and submitted into the KM System (like: reports, web
pages, hard disk)
• Tagging and categorizing done by creator to facilitate
retrieval.
• Approval is needed after tagging and categorizing.
KNOWLEDGE SHARING
AND ENRICHMENT
KNOWLEDGE SHARING AND
ENRICHMENT
• Second and most crucial element

• Knowledge can be shared

• By the organization with its employee: memos and instructions .
• Between employee of organization: group discussion and internal
meeting
• With people outside the organization: seminars, workshops

• KS is important for getting Competitive edge.

• Enhanced through the implementation of

• appropriate technologies
• Operations and system that stimulate collaboration
• rewards
COMMUNITIES OF PRACTICE

• People who have Common interest.

• Face to face / technology based tools

• Effective and flexible means to examine some

knowledge issues and gain further insights into
specific knowledge domains

• Bind through common desire to improve their

knowledge. (important for new employees)
CONTD..

• Formal and Informal COPs.

• Act as a parallel structure and do not interfere

with the regular responsibility and accountability
of staff member

• String not the pearl that makes a necklace.

• (e.g. Engineer and Marketer)
INCENTIVE SCHEMES

• A worker may feel :

• threatened to introduce and share knowledge
into a system
• reluctant to actively search out knowledge that
others introduce.
• Believe sharing and searching requires
considerable amount of time and effort.
• Hence, knowledge manager should create
situation in which knowledge is shared and
reused spontaneously .
 TECHNOLOGICAL POINT OF
VIEW

• The installation of an application for KS

• lotus notes
• Proper training of software
• Management techniques (ACRs: marks on
KS).
• financial incentive.

• Example
• IBM (25% of total performance evaluation)
• Buckman Laboratories (annual conference at resort)
INFORMATION STORAGE
AND RETRIEVAL
INFORMATION STORAGE AND
RETRIEVAL
• Acquired and share knowledge is readily accessible
to others .

• Done by storing information in a Centralized

location with sufficient provisions for easy Retrieval

• Tagging and Categorizing

• Most of the knowledge is in unstructured formats

(reports, memos, emails) and contains valuable
information. Hence KMS is needed.
FOUR MAIN OPTIONS FOR STORING
INFORMATION

• File system storage (local network directories

and folders)
• Databases
• Email
• Websites (intranet and external)
INFORMATION ORGANIZATION

• It’s a 2 step process

• manageable units
• Categorization

• For example: BOOK –

• Chapters, sections.
• List of content type (Index, profile, intro,
appendix, abbreviation etc.)
INFORMATION RETRIEVAL

• Involves:
• designing and providing information retrieval path way
• Keeping in view structure and user

• Personalize view (cookies, preferences)

• Portals are capable of showing data from

heterogeneous sources such as;
• Microsoft,
• Digital dashboards

• Push technology (newsletter)

 KNOWLEDGE
DISSEMINATION
KNOWLEDGE DISSEMINATION

• It’s the transformation of tacit knowledge into

explicit knowledge that can be more widely
shared

• Publications, presentations, websites, videos and

libraries of the most obvious forms of it.

• Effective mean to disseminate knowledge.

• Participation in external network ,
• establishing partnership with other organizations
• creation of Knowledge centers
THANK YOU