Entrepreneurship

& Value Chain

Mamadou Oury Ba, Lamine Cissé,

Al Hassane Ndiaye, Shaunna
Ridge, Defa Sakho, Thor Tillberg
 Entrepreneurship Defined

“A person who organizes and manages any

enterprise, esp. a business, usually with
considerable initiative and risk. ”

Reactors to Problems
 Broad Scope
Economic
Political
Cultural
Social
• Parent Association – parents behind the
education of their children
• Women’s Organizations – to see the
problems of the community
 What is a Value Chain?
• Network of companies /individuals which interact to
deliver goods and services
• Full range of activities required to bring a product /
service through different phases of production to
Market
• Interactions of firms and processors required to
deliver a product to the end user.
• Identifying opportunities and constraints to
increasing productivity.
• Focus on value creation, innovation, product
development and marketing
 Entrepreneurship and Value Chain
General Objective
To gain a better understanding of the challenges and
strengths of the Entrepreneurs of Guédé Chantier
Specific Objective
To Assess the Interest and Possibilities of Entrepreneurship
in Guede Chantier
To make Value Chain more transparent
To give farmers the ability to discover wherein the most
value is lost/can be gained
Identify Entrepreneurial Organizations and their functions
 Specific Needs as Declared
by the People
• Agriculture: Access to machines, Barriers/fences around
crops

• Fisheries: fish farming project; access to affordable fish;

refrigerated transportation of fish

• Gender: Autonomy from patriarchal dominance,

Resources (farming machines, health center supplies,
Tosten Library etc.)

• Herders: Veterinarian, Warehouse: feeding and keeping

animals closer to families, milk preserve
 Specific Needs (cont.)
• Microfinance: Women’s access to loans,
more accessible loan options for everyone
(not just through the GIEs)

• Value Chain: Better Communication (Top-

Down)
Govt.  Unions GIE  Farmers

• Miscellaneous: $ Funding $, Transportation

 Microfinance
• Difficult getting loans
– Individual
– Women
• Vicious Cycle of Conditional Microcredit Loans to
GIEs
– Loans from Banks who give vouchers
– Limited Variety (Unions)
• Forced to buy fertilizers  Ruins Land  Lower yields
– Can’t pay back on time
• Not enough $ from yield
• Pay back late = Start late next year, because waiting on new
loan  Start late, miss rain, low yields (cycle)
 GOVT
UNION UNION

GIE
Farmer/
farmer farmer farmer farmer BanaBana

BANA
SOCAS BANA
MARKET

MARKET MARKET

Farmer Farmer
(as buyer) (as buyer)
 SOCAS
• Farmers are contracted to sell their
tomatoes to SOCAS at 51.5 cfa/kilo
• 50 cfa = SOCASS
• 1.5 cfa = Salary of Union Reps

• Farmers sell tomatoes (illegally) to

Bana Bana for more
 A Day in the Life of
Malik Diop: Farmer, Bana
Bana, Entrepreneur
Cost of goods (30 box tom/10 box cuc) = 7,500 cfa
House  Main road = 100 cfa
Main Road  Dakar = 600 cfa
To Marketplace = 200 cfa
Cost/box = 900 cfa
Cost of 30-45 boxes = 27,000-40,500 cfa
Cost of fuel (pays by stop) = 100,000 cfa
Profits (4k-12k/box) = 120,000-360,000
180,000-540,000
 Simple Explanation

SOCAS Dakar

SOCAS Dakar
30 boxes: 1,545 120,000 - 360,000
45 boxes: 2,317.5 180,000 - 540,000
 Revolving Market
Some vendors choose to sell their
products every day at different weekly
markets

• Transportation
– Costly
– Inconsistent
– Family time
Solution:
Transparency (Top-Down)
Gov’
t

Rotating Positions
Unions

GIE

Farmers (Male and

Female)
 Information Flow as a
Continuous Process

UNION REPS

GIE GIE FARMERS

Where are Entrepreneurs Falling
Short?
• Lack of Information
• Lack of Satisfactory Training
• The Importance of Self-reliance and
Autonomy
• Conditional Access to Affordable Inputs
• Little to No Knowledge of Value Chain
• Relative Satisfaction
 Entrepreneurial Umbrella
– Training and education
– Technology development / transfer
through farmer field demonstrations
– Follow up
– Post-harvest handling training
– Producer organization strengthening
– Get of the loan cycle
– Linking commodity markets and
producers and intermediaries/processors
– Access to finance and services 17