The French and Indian

War (1754-1763)
The Beginning of Tensions Between the Colonies and the
Motherland
General Information About the War
• Fighting
begins in
1754.
• Britain
officially
VS
England and
declares France the 13
Colonies
was in
1756.
• In total,
around
11,000
killed or Huron and Iroquois
Algonquin Confederacy
wounded
on each
side.
 What Caused this War?

Increase power over the other nation.

French and English interest in expansion of North
American :
Physical territory
Native trade routes
Map of East Coast Before and After
Why Were the Natives Involved
In European Conflict?
Preserve land, culture and tradition.

Preserve trade relations with French and

English.
 Initial French and English
Hostilities
 1752

 French migration South

Establish forts on the way

 English migration West

 Land Grants

 1754 Small battles and scrimmages for forts begin

 Early French Successes and
Victories
 France had a stronger land based army, whereas
England had a stronger naval army.
 Why did the English Struggle
Early on?
One simple reason:
Poor English leadership resulting in tensions
between English Officials and Colonists.
Lord Loudoun

 British Commander at start

of war.
Did not listen to Colonial
advisors and officials
Took control of Colonial
troops
Demanded the
quartering of English
troops in colonial homes
Letter from George Washington to Lord
Loudoun
“No Regular Provision is established for the
maimed and Wounded, which is a
discourageing Reflection and feelingly
Complained of. The Soldiers very justly observe,
that Bravery is often rewarded with a broken
Leg, Arm, or an Incurable Wound, and when
they are disabled and not fit for Service they are
discharg’d, and reduced to the necessity of
begging from Door to Door.”
Do you recognize this cartoon?
 A Positive Turn for the English

 William Pitt
1757 - Becomes Leader of the House of Commons in
Britain.
Dedicated to English superiority over France
Makes changes to administration in North America
Increases budget for war
 Late English Successes

 1758 – Finally take Louisbourg

 1758 – Seize Ft. Frontenac
 1759 – Seize Ft Duquesne, Ft. Carillon (Ticonderoga), Ft.
Niagara, and Crown Point.
 Late 1759 – Seize Quebec
 1760 – Seize Montreal
A Brown Spot on English Successes: The
Great Upheaval
 Early 1700- England takes
control of area in purple
 Acadia remained neutral
but were French
 During the War, England
forced 10,000 Acadians from
their homes.
 Moved to Europe, the
colonies, and eventually the
Louisiana area
 Developed Cajun culture.
 Treaty of Paris

1763
Official end of war
French possessions in North America given to
England
France regains a few territories in the Caribbean
 England’s New Debt
Historian agree that England’s national Debt
nearly Doubled over the 9 years of fighting.

1754 = about 70,000,000 pounds of debt

1763 = about 145,000,000 pounds of debt
 Wrap Up
Let’s differentiate the main ideas of this
lesson from the underlying details