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6.0223 1023 u
1g
3.1 The mole conveniently links mass to number of atoms or molecules 8
Relationships
1 particle
AM u
AM u
particle
10 g 6.0223 1023u
3
55.2kg 3.32×10 28 u
kg g
FM u
particle
• MM g = 1 mole
• Use this as a conversion factor to convert between
these quantities
1 mole
MM g
MM g
1 mole
3.1 The mole conveniently links mass to number of atoms or molecules 19
Learning Check: Converting Between Mass
And Moles
Given that the molar mass of CO2 is 44.0098 g/mol
• What mass of CO2 is found in 1.55 moles?
1.55 mol
44.0098 g 68.2 g
mol
• How many moles of CO2 are there in 10 g?
mol
10 g 0.2 mol
44.0098 g
• N particles = 1 mole
• We can use this as a conversion factor to convert
between these quantities
1 mole
N particles
particle Moles
N particles
mole
N
# particles moles
FM MM
B. 5.2×10-2
C. 3.2×10-23 mass (u) mass (g)
N
D. 3.3×1024
E. None of these 3.1×1022
3.1 The mole conveniently links mass to number of atoms or molecules 28
Using The Chemical Formula
0.1417 g N
100
0.1417g 0.4045 g total
25.94% N 74.06% O
180.1572 g C6H12O6
glucose n 6
30.0262 g CH2O
3.3 Chemical formulas can be determined from experimental mass measurements 40
Example:
N2H4O 3
MM: N:14.00674; H:1.00794; O:15.99943
3.3 Chemical formulas can be determined from experimental mass measurements 41
Your Turn!
B. C2H2Cl2
C. C142 HCl126
D. CHCl
E. None of these
1
____Ba(OH) 1 Na2SO4(aq) → ___BaSO
2(aq) +____ 1 4(s) + ____NaOH
2 (aq)
2
___KClO 2
3(S) → ___KCl 3 O2(g)
(s) +___
3.5 The reactant in shortest supply limits the amount of product that can form 59
Limiting Reagents
3.5 The reactant in shortest supply limits the amount of product that can form 60
Determining The Limiting Reagent (LR)
3.5 The reactant in shortest supply limits the amount of product that can form 61
Learning Check:
• Ca(OH)2(aq) + 2HCl(aq)2 H2O(l) + CaCl2(s)
when 1.00 g of each reactant is combined:
• What is the theoretical yield of H2O?
• The limiting reagent?
Ca(OH)2 HCl H2O
1.00 1.00 0.486277 mass (g)
74.09468 36.46094 18.01528 MM (g/mol)
0.013496 0.027427 0.026992 mol
0.013496 mol Ca(OH)2 2 mol H2O
0.026992 mol H2O TY H2O (mol)
1 1 mol Ca(OH)2
0.027427 mol HCl 2 mol H2O
0.027427 mol H2O
1 2 mol HCl
Ca(OH)2: 74.09468; HCl: 36.46094; H2O: 18.01528
3.5 The reactant in shortest supply limits the amount of product that can form 62
Learning Check:
How many grams of NO can form when 30.0 g NH3
and 40.0 g O2 react according to:
4 NH3 + 5 O2 → 4 NO + 6 H2O
NH3 O2 NO
30.0 40.0 30.0
mass (g)
17.03052 31.9988
30.0061 MM (g/mol)
1.7615 1.2500 1.0000 mol
1.7615 mol NH3 4 mol NO TY NO (mol)
1.7615 mol NO
1 4 mol NH3
1.2500 mol O2 4 mol NO
1.0000 mol NO
1 5 mol O2
NH3: 17.03052; O2=31.9988; NO: 30.0061
3.5 The reactant in shortest supply limits the amount of product that can form 63
Your Turn!