Seven best practices that a company

needs to adapt by Richard Lester (1989):

■ Continuous improvements in cost, quality, service and product
innovation done on a simultaneous basis
■ Breaking down organizational barriers between departments
■ Eliminating layers of management to make it leaner and simpler
■ Closer relationship with customers and suppliers
■ Intelligent use of new technology
■ Global focus
■ Improving human resource skills
 THEORISTS TECHNIQUES CONCEPT
DEVELOPED

W. Edwards Deming, Total Quality Management

Joseph Juran, A. Continuous Improvement -
Kearney, Philip Crosby, Lean Manufacturing
and Armand Feignbaum Six Sigma
Return on Quality

Fishbone diagramming
James Heskett (1988),
Earl Sasser (1995), Service Charting
William, Davidow, Len Total Customer Services (TCS)
Schlesinger, A. Service Profit Chain
Paraugman (1988), Len -
Service Gap Analysis
Berry, Jane Kingman- Service Encounter
Brundage, Christopher Strategic Service Vision
Hart and Christopher
Lovelock (1994) Service Mapping
Service Teams
 THEORISTS TECHNIQUES CONCEPT
DEVELOPED

Carl Sewell, Frederick a. Loyalty Effect a. include employee,

supplier, distributor and
Reicheld, C. Gronrons b. Customer Lifetime shareholder loyalty
And Earl Sasser Value b. Long term relationship
with customers

James Gilmore Mass To individualize a

Customization product for each
and Joseph Pine customer without losing
Concept economies of scale

It is seen in the
James Collins and
Jerry Porras Core Values employees who will help
build a great company
 Sensitivity to the Ability to be attuned
business with the forces in
environment the environment

Ability to build a
Four Key Traits Cohesion and company with
of companies Identity shared vision and
that have purpose
survived for 50
years Ability to build
Tolerance and relationships among
by Arie de Geus the employees and
(1997) decentralization strategic business
units

Ability to handle
Conservative
Financing financial
matters well
MILITARY THEORISTS
THEORISTS/ BOOKS
CONCEPT
AUTHOR MADE
Sun Tzu The Art of War Theorized the tactical
strategies needed to
Von Clausewitz On War
survive and topple
Mao Tse Tong The Little Red Book the enemy

Barrie James (1984) Business War Games

Al Ries and Jack Trout Marketing Warfare
-
(1986) Leadership Secrets of
Wess Roberts (1987) Attila the Hun
 TECHNIQUES
THEORISTS CONCEPT
DEVELOPED

Marketing
Philip Kotler Warfare -
Strategy

Strategies
Ecological
coincide with
Moore (1993) model of
ecological
competition
stability
STRATEGIC CHANGE
THEORISTS/ BOOKS/
CONCEPT
AUTHOR THEORIES
Alvin Toffler Future Shock Explained what
change can do to a
(1970) Third Wave company to survive

Watts Wacker and

Jim Taylor (1997) Age of Access -
Peter Drucker Changes are needed
Age of Discontinuity no matter how
(2000)
Strategic Decay powerful existing
Gary Hamel strategies are
THEORISTS/
THEORIES CONCEPT
AUTHOR
Importance of time
Dereck Abell (1978) Strategic-windows from the start and end
of the strategy

Sudden shift caused by

Charles Handy (1989) Strategic Drift unforeseen changes in
the environment

Strategic inflection Where a new trend

Andy Grove
point indicated

Malcolm Gladwell
Tipping point Where trend takes off
(2000)
THEORISTS/
THEORIES CONCEPT
AUTHOR
Importance of a
Noel Tichy and Richard
Pascale (1983)
company to reinvent
itself
-
Foster corporate
Art Kleimer To spot emerging patterns
culture
Adam Slywotsky (1996) in the industry
Strategic Anticipation
Constantinos Markides Where a new trend indicated
Strategy Formation
(1999) Planned and unplanned
Strategy Dynamics strategy
J. Moncrieff (1998)

Axelrod R., Holland J., Systems of multiple

Chaos Theory actions complex adaptive
and Kelly S systems
 Strategy as Direction, guide,
PLAN course of action

Strategy as Maneuver intended

to outdo a
PLAY competitor
Five types of
Strategic Strategy as Consistent pattern
Planning PATTERN of behavior
by Henry Mintzberg
(1998) Location of brands,
Strategy as products or companies
POSITION within the boundaries
of consumers

Strategy as Determined by a master

PERSPECTIVE strategists
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY-ORIENTED STRATEGY
THEORISTS/
THEORIES CONCEPT
AUTHOR
Sociological
Daniel Bell (1985) consequences of
information technology
-
Investment of organization
Thomas Stewart Intellectual capital in knowledge

Gloria Schuck and

Psychological facets -
Shoshana Zuboff

Robert Kaplan and

Balanced Scorecard -
David Norton
 Personal
Responsibility, Self-
Reliance and -
Mastery

Mental To explore the

individual mental
Models capacities
Five Components
of Learning Visions are
Organization Shared Vision cascaded and
communicated
by Peter Senge
(1990)
Team Learn through
Learning teams

Also called synergy.

Systems Looking at the
Thinking organization as a
whole
PSYCHOLOGY OF STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT

THEORISTS STUDIES CONCEPT

Study 15
John Kotter executives and
how they work and
make strategies
-
LEADERS: visionaries,
Abraham Difference those who inspires
between managers MANAGERS: concerned
Zaleznik (1977) and leaders with processes, plans and
forms