LIFT SYSTEM &

ESCALATOR
NOR DAYANA BINTI ASMAN
04DUB10F2009
FARAH NAJWA BINTI NORDIN
04DUB10F1116
NURUL SYAFIQAH BINTI RAZAK
04DUB11F2999
NURUL IZZAH BINTI RAMAINOR
04DUB11F2011
NURUL FARAHIM BINTI ABD RAHMAN
04DUB11F2021
 Electrical lift/rope-
geared
Components:
 Roping single wrap (small car),double wrap (decrease rope slip),
compensating (smooth process)
High-tensile steel wire ropes are used and the number of ropes for
a lift are between four and twelve.The diameters are between 9 and
19mm and have a safety factor of 10
 Winding motor (Geared traction single-speed motor & Geared
traction two-speed motor & Geared traction variable-voltage &
Gearless traction variable-voltage motor)
 Brakes-designed to fail-safe.The switching-off of the electrical
supply permits the brake to be applied and therefore fail-safe if
there is a failure in the supply
 Machine room- Wherever possible the machine room should be at
the top of the lift shaft,as this position provides the greatest
effiency.The room should be ventilated and consideration must be
given to the tranmission of sound by insulating the concrete base
of the machine from the walls and floor by compressed cork slabs.
An overhead lifting beam directly over the machine is required for
positioning or dismantling the equipment and an access hatch in
the floor,above the landing,through which the equipment can be
lowered for repair or replacement is also required.A lockable door
to the room should be provided and adequate floor space for
controlled,floor selectors and other equipment is required
 Lift shaft and pit-the size of the lift shaft and pit depends upon the
size and speed of the car and type of door gear.The manufacturer’s
drawings should therefore be consulted.The life shaft must extend
below the bottom landing to form the pit which permits car over
travel.
 INSTALLATION METHOD
 On hook suspended hoist-select a suitable overhead support in
area hoist is to be used (one capable of holding weight of hoist and
its rated load) and hang up hoist.Be cetain upper hook is firmly
seated in center of hook saddle.
 On lug suspended hoist-select a suitable overhead support in area
hoist is to be used (one capable of holding weight of hoist and its
rated load). Mount hoist using through bolts, of appropriate size, to
fit mounting holes in suspension lug at top of hoist frame.
 On rigid mount trolley suspended hoists-the trolley side plates
must be properly spaced so trolley will fit I-beam on which hoist will
operate.
 Check Oil Level.The gear case has been filled with oil, to the proper level
at the factory.However,the oil level should be checked before hoist is
operated.Remove pipe plug from oil filler on side of hoist frame.Replace
with supplied oil hole cover.Check oil level by removing oil level plug (side
of frame). Observe if oil level is even with bottom of tapped hole.If it is
not,add oil.Also check load chain. Be sure it is properly lubricated.
 Check Limit Stops:
 Paddle limit equipped.Make sure the actuator on the tail chain side
is securely pinned to the proper link.On single part hoists, make
sure steel actuator is pinned to the first chain link above the lower
block.Multiple part reeved hoists do not have an actuator on the
lower block side.
 Electronic limit switch equipped.Make sure the stop on the tail
chain side is securely fastened to the proper link.There is no stop on
the lower block side.
 Process of lift
 Press both SET buttons simultaneously. Both green LED's should come on,
and the red ALERT LED should flash. Hoist can now be operated through
full range of lift.
 Raise or lower hook to desired set point.It does not matter whether
upper or lower limit is set first.Press the set button that corresponds to
UP if the upper limit is to be set first, or DOWN if the lower limit is to be
set first.The corresponding green LED should go out.
 Move hook to desired upper limit if the lower limit was previously set, or
to the lower limit if the upper limit was previously set.The LED
corresponding to the limit just set will come back on, indicating the hoist
is no longer at that limit.Press the set button that corresponds to UP if
the upper limit is being set, or DOWN if the lower limit is being set.The
corresponding green LED should go out. The red ALERT light should also
go out.
 The upper and lower limits are now set.Operate the hoist to confirm the
settings are at the desired limits.
Advantages:
Most popular
Moved using cables which attached to car through the
sheaves
Sheaves connected to electric motors (turn the elevator up
and down)
Ropes connected to counterweight (conserving energy)
Rail used to guide and keep lift and counterweight steady
More efficient and safer
Disadvantages:
The rope is not connected which make it
compact,lightweight and very easy to handle
 ESCALATOR SYSTEM

Definition:
An escalator is a moving staircase – A conveyor
transport device for carrying people between
floors of a building. The device consists of a
motor-driven chain of individual, linked steps that
move up or down on tracks, allowing the step
treads to remain horizontal.
 Components
Top and bottom landing platforms.
The truss - The truss is a hollow metal structure that bridges the
lower and upper landings.
The tracks - The track system is built into the truss to guide the
step chain, which continuously pulls the steps from the bottom
platform and back to the top in an endless loop.
The steps
The railing - The railing provides a convenient handhold for
passengers while they are riding the escalator.
 Installation Method

• A factory - assembled and tested escalator erected as a

single unit provides the quickest and most satisfactory
method of installation. The units are usually lifted in position
by a tower crane and space is therefore required on site for
the crane and movement of the units. Alternatively, the
escalator may be divided into sections and assembled on
site. In design of the floor it is essential to take into account
the load imposed by the escalator and its passengers.
 Process Of Escalator
 The first stage of escalator construction is to establish the design. In most cases, the
secondary suppliers obtain the necessary equipment from the primary manufacturers
and make necessary modifications for installation. Therefore, most escalators are
actually assembled at the primary manufacturer. The tracks, step chains, stair assembly,
and motorized gears and pulleys are all bolted into place on the truss before shipping.
 Prior to installation, the landing areas must be prepared to connect to the
escalator.There are a variety of methods for lifting the truss assembly into place, one of
which is a scissors lift apparatus mounted on a wheeled support platform. With such a
device, the upper end of the truss can be easily aligned with and then supported by a
support wall associated with the upper landing. The lower end of the truss can be
subsequently lowered into a pit associated with the floor of the lower landing. They are
then connected to the appropriate chains after the escalator is installed.
 Make final connections for the power source and check to ensure all tracks and chains
are properly aligned.
Types of arrangement
Safety Features
 Safety Features
 Drive Chain Safety Devices - A safety device that operates to stop the
escalator if the drive chain breaks or stretches beyond an allowable
limit.
 Emergency Stop Button - A button that immediately stops the escalator
in emergency situations.
 Cleat - Grooves in the Step’s Floor Plate designed to prevent feet or
foreign objects from getting caught between the Step and the Comb, or
the Riser and the Step.
 Step Chain Safety Device - A safety device that stops the escalator if
the Step Chain breaks or stretches beyond an allowable limit.
 Handrails Safety Switch - A safety device that stops the escalator when
the speed of the moving handrails and the steps fail to synchronise.
 Advantages

Have the capacity to transport large number of people at

shorter time.
Escalators offer plenty of space too especially when compared
to an elevator or narrow staircase.
To reduce congestion and avoid excess waiting.
Escalators can also save energy during quiet periods, since
they can be turned off, essentially becoming a staircase.
 Disadvantages
Escalators and moving walkways tend to experience more
accidents than elevators because of the direct exposure of
passengers to moving elements of the system.
Not accessible to wheelchair users because of 30° slope may
be difficult to integrate with other movement facilities such as
elevators.
One of the most expensive and largest machines.
in case of malfunction,need to use other mean of
transportation.