GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

(Sarvajanik College of Engineering & Technology)

Title: - ELECTRIC ARC HEATING

Subject: - UTILIZATION OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY & TRACTION

Subject Code: - 2160907

Group no: - 06

Sr. Name of student Enrollment No

1 DESAI RUTVI 150420109018
2 SADADIWALA ELIZA 150420109022
3 LAD HENIL 150420109033
4 MODI SUNNY 150420109036
5 MEHTA MOHIT 150420109037

GUIDEDBY: PROF.KRISHNA VAKHARIA

MR.ARVIND BHAKTA
 Electric Arc Furnace
Production of Electric Arc
• The electric supply given to two electrodes is increased and are

separated in air from each other

• The air gets ionized at high voltage gradient and becomes a

good conductor of electricity

• Current passes through the air gap in the form of arc.

• Once the arc is produced, small voltage is sufficient to maintain

it

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 Electric Arc Furnace

Production of Electric Arc

• Without high voltage also Arc can be established by short

circuit the two electrodes and then withdrawing them apart

• The electrodes are made of either carbon or graphite

• The temperature of the Arc developed will be around 35000C

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 Types of electric Arc Furnaces

1. Direct Arc furnace

2. Indirect Arc furnace

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 Direct Arc Furnace
SUPPLY

ELECTRODES

ARC

CHARGE

FURNACE FIG.1

Two electrode arc furnace

• When A.C. supply given to two electrodes.

• Arc is established and current passes through the charges.
• Heat is developed due to radiation from Arc.

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Direct Arc Furnace
• The stirring action is
inherent due to SUPPLY
electromagnetic force
setup by the current
ELECTRODES
• Hence heating of charge
is uniform
ARC
• 3Φ supply is used for
CHARGE
large capacity furnace
FURNACE
• The three electrodes are FIG.1
placed at the three Two electrode arc furnace
vertices of an equilateral
triangle

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 Single Electrode Arc Furnace

1Φ AC

FIG.2

• One electrode is used.

• 1Φ supply given between electrode and bottom of furnace.
• Arc is developed in between electrode & charge.
• It is called single-phase direct Arc furnace or baby Arc
furnace
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Direct Arc Furnace

Advantages
• High temperatures can be produced
• More uniform heating of the charge can be obtained
Applications
• The most common application of direct arc furnace is to
produce steel
• Used in R and D
• It is used in pilot production plants

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Indirect Arc Furnace

Fig.3

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Indirect Arc Furnace
• Fig 3 shows indirect arc
furnace
• The Arc exists between
two electrodes.
• Heat developed in the
charge is by the radiation
• The temperature of the
charge is lower than
direct Arc furnace
• Current does not flow
through charge. Hence
no inherent stirring
action
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Indirect Arc Furnace

• So, the furnace must be

rocked vibrating or tilting by
mechanically.
• It is called as a rocking Arc
furnace also.
• The furnace made of
cylindered or spherical
shape.
• Rocking action is operated by
an Electric motor

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Indirect Arc Furnace

Advantages
• High flexibility
• High melting
• Economical
• High efficiency

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Indirect Arc Furnace

Applications
• Indirect arc furnace is used for melting of non-ferrous metals

• It can be used in iron foundries where small quantities of

iron is required frequently

• It is more suitable when the charge is to be varied frequently

or heating is intermittent

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THANK YOU

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