14/04/2018 WC Presentation 1

IOV

Group Members:

Muhammad Kamran (CIIT/SP15-BS(EE)-002/ATK)

Muhammad Haris (CIIT/SP15-BS(EE)-06/ATK)
Muhammad Naveed (CIIT/SP15-BS(EE)-034/ATK)
Abdullah (CIIT/SP15-BS(EE)-044/ATK)

Department of Electrical Engineering,

COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Attock

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 Background
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 The new era of internet of things is driving the evolution of conventional
vehicle networks into the internet of vehicles(IOV).

 Being in generation of internet connectivity , there is a need to stay in safe and

hassle free environment.

 According to recent predictions,25 billion “things ” will be connected to the

internet by 2020,of which vehicles will constitute a significant portion.

 Designed to increase safety , driving efficiency and make the driving

experience more comfortable.

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 Vanet

Vehicle connected to each others through an adhoc formation forms a

wireless network called “vehiculer Ad- Hoc Network”.
It includes V2V and V2R communications.
The communication architecture of VANETs can be divided into three
categories including
 Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments (WAVE) based Wi-Fi
In WAVE based Wi-Fi-driven architecture, RSUs alongside roads are used as wireless access
points which provide communication coverage to the vehicles inside its coverage area
 Ad-hoc
In ad-hoc architecture, group of onroad vehicles form ad-hoc networks using WAVE.
 Hybrid
Using wave

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Vanet

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 Issues in Vanet

The commercialization problem of VANETs includes the following issues

 pure ad-hoc network architecture

 incompatibility with personal devises
 unavailability of cloud computing
 lower accuracy of the services
 Security and privacy issues

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 Vehicular communication Types
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 Vehicle-to-Vehicle(wave)

 Vehicle-to-Roadside(wave)

 Vehicle-to Infrastructure of cellular networks (wifi or 4G/Lte)

 Vehicle-to-Personal devices(Near field communication)

 Vehicle-to-Sensors (entharnet or wifi)

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 5-layred Architecture

Perception Layer
Presentation:
The first layer of the architecture is represented by the different types of
sensors and actuators attached to vehicles, RSUs, smartphones and other
personal devices.
Function:
To gather information regarding vehicle, traffic environment and devices.
information includes speed, direction, acceleration, position, engine
condition and travel documents related to vehicle, on-road vehicle density
and weather conditions related to traffic environment, and multimedia and
infotainment records related to people

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 5 layer Architecture

Co-ordination Layer
Presentation:
This layer architecture represented by a virtual universal network
coordination module WAVE, Wi-Fi, 4G/LTE and satellite networks.
Function:
Secure transportation of information from lower layer to Artificial layer.
Reliable network connectivity handled by this layer.

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 5 layer Architecture
Artificial Intelligence
Presentation:
The third layer of the architecture is represented by the virtual
cloud infrastructure(cloud computation).

Function:
It is the brain of IoV and responsible for storing, processing and
analysing the information received from lower layer and decision
making based on the critical analysis

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 5 layer Architecture

Application layer
The forth layer of the architecture is represented by smart applications.
This layer is responsible to provide smart services to end users which are
based on intelligent and critical analysis of processed information by the AI
layer.
Business Layer
The other responsibilities of the layer include decision making related to
economic investment and usage of resources, pricing of usage of
applications, overall budget preparation for operation and management and
aggregate data management.

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 Protocol Stack

 A set of network protocol layers that work together.

 The protocol stack aims to accomplish the functional requirements of each

layer identified in the architecture.

 The protocol stack has three planes including security, operation and
management.

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 IoV over VANETs
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IOV Vanet
Huge opportunity for commercial applications due to
the business oriented architecture and reliable
Internet connectivity.
Reliable Internet service would be available.
Five types of communications including V2V, V2R,
V2I, V2P and V2S.
Most of the personal devices are compatible with the
network and able to communicate with vehicles
including smart phones, laptop, tablets.
The best processing capacity available due to the on-
demand cloud based service.
Due to the capability of collaborative integration
_______________________________
among different types of networks (VANETs, Wi-Fi,
4G/LTE) the network architecture is scalable
14/03/2018 WC Presentation
Not able to attract commercial interest due to the
non-supportive architecture for commercial
applications and unavailability of Internet
Internet service is not available due to the non-
collaborative network architecture
Two types of communications including V2V and
V2R
Communication compatibility between personal
devices and the network is still a challenging issue
due to the singleton network architecture
Limited processing capability due to the stand alone
system availability
Due to the inability of collaborative operation, the
network architecture is not scalable
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 CHALLENGES AND ISSUES
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 Localization Accuracy
Accuracy requirement is quite higher than the accuracy provided by
existing GPS in vehicular communication.
 Location Privacy
The revealing of location information results into huge privacy
concern
 Location Verification
Location verification of neighboring vehicle is another challenging
problem in vehicular communication. This is due to the absence of
trusted authority in vehicular communication.
 Radio Propagation Model
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 FUTURE ASPECTS
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 Online Vehicle
Each vehicle would be online right from the completion of
manufacturing up to the usage by customers. Most of the services
related to vehicle would be available online. The services include
status of vehicles, annual inspection report by authority, road tax
payment status, repair or service history, etc.
 Global Internet ID
Each vehicle would have a uniquely identifiable number in
Internet which is a prerequisite for online presence of
vehicles(eliminate the need of GPS based identification system).
 RFID+GPS
RFID based secure identification of global ID and GPS based real
time positioning would redefine the performance of system.

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 FUTURE ASPECTS

 Car payment
Unique cyber space identity would enable car payment. The information of
driver or owner of vehicle and would become an alternative of mobile
payment. Car payment would enhance efficiency of traffic management.
This would be in terms of hassle free toll collection, fuel refilling, parking
collection, road tax collection, and even payment for service and
management.

9/17/2015 FYP Pre-Proposal Presentation 16

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