Health and Hygiene

Level 1
Health and Hygiene Level 1

 At the end of this presentation, the student should understand how health is managed
in Schlumberger, and what are the main health risks.
 The audience is all high mobility employees.
– Defined in the Schlumberger Health Standard (SLB-QHSE-S006)
 Pre-requisite is all the minimum training.
 After reading this presentation, take the online test.
 On passing this test your QUEST certification will be updated accordingly.
 If you have questions, contact your local HSE support.
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Health and Hygiene Level 1

Commitment, Leadership and

Accountability
The exposure of all employees,
Policies and Objectives Improvem
client, contractors, and the ent
general public to hazardous Organization and Resources
conditions associated with our
operations shall be assessed on Contractor and Supplier
Management Correction
a continual basis in order to Risk Management
s

minimize the associated risks to

health. Business Processes

Performance Monitoring & Control

Improvement

Audits and Reviews

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Health Standard SLB-QHSE-S006

Statement
 Schlumberger provides a workplace which protects the
health of Schlumberger’ s employees, contractors and
the surrounding community.
Objective
 To reduce work-related health risks.
Scope
 Applies at all times in all Schlumberger locations.
Implementation
 Line management with support of HSE and Personnel
functions.
 Risk assessment made and local resources provided.
 Basic facilities available when local facilities are below
standard.
Appendices and Guidelines
 Malaria Prevention Appendix of the Health B.O.O.K.
 Fitness and Cardiovascular Accidents & HIV/AIDS
Guidelines – Appendices of the Health B.O.O.K.

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Health Standard SLB-QHSE-S006
Physicals
 A company defined physical
assessment, performed by a company
approved health professional.
– Determine fitness to work for the assigned job
and location.
– Maintaining employee confidentiality.
 Pre-employment physical
 Periodic physical
 Med-Track & Med-Check physical
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High mobility employees
 Individuals, who by nature of their business
assignment or travel, have the potential to spend
time in high health risk areas (generally regarded as
areas outside of North America, Western Europe,
Japan and Australasia). Examples of those health
risks are exposure to extreme climates or conditions,
to endemic infectious diseases and to remote
locations where access to medical care is limited.
 Refer to the Health standard for additional details.
Physicals

 Everyone working in the company should have a physical, where legally possible, at
least when hired (pre-employment) and every 3 years thereafter.
 Physicals can detect a certain number of serious health problems that should be
treated before they provoke a life threatening situation either requiring hospitalization,
evacuation or death.
 Physicals for highly mobile employees are managed in a program called Med-Track,
run by International SOS, and managed by the SL International Health Coordinator.
 Physicals for local employees are managed in a program called Med-Check, by the
local Country approved doctor in coordination with the SL International Health
6 Coordinator.
Med-Track Physicals

The Med-Track program is accessible to high mobility  SLB doctors performing medical evacuations or
employees. providing support to employees hospitalized can
Date of physical is entered in QUEST by International access employee/patient medical data.
SOS data.
 Managers have no access to any confidential
Read and Write Med-Track on the SOS Intranet: medical data.
 Employee and doctor can fill in the entire Med Track
questionnaire on-line.
 Employee also has the option of downloading the
medical questionnaire and sending it to SOS using the
SOS Drop Box.
 Doctors in hospitals can access employee/patient
medical records.
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Health Structure
HSE VP

SL International Health Coordinator

Area HSE Segment HSE

Managers Managers

Country/Region Health
Consultant

Local Doctor Local Doctor

Rig/Camp Rig/Camp
Medic Medic
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The SLB Health Network

Existing Schlumberger Clinics

 Port Harcourt, Nigeria
 Hassi Messaoud, Algeria
Country Medical Consultant Schlumberger health professionals around
the world
 In over 60 countries
 Over 120 medics
Schlumberger IDS / WesternGeco
Doctor
 For rig inspections and Medic First Aid
Training.
 Coordination and inspection of Camp
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doctors/medical facilities.
Health Hub
www.healthhub.slb.com

Health Hub Also provides:

 Contains valuable information on health-
related issues in over 150 countries around
the world including:
– Mandatory and recommended vaccinations
– Recommendations on food and water
– Local diseases and their prevention
– Local health facilities - hospitals, doctors, labs, etc..
– Information on emergencies and evacuations
– Health alerts and monthly health flashes on
epidemics
 The health network of Schlumberger doctors
around the world.
 Training: first aid, substance abuse, food
handling, and water.
 Schlumberger health programs: Med-Track
and Water Testing.
 Health campaign brochures: Malaria, Low
Back, Fitness, Heart attack prevention, etc.

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Health Campaigns

 Low Back 1995

 Substance Abuse 2000
 First Aid 2000
 Human Machinery – Ergonomics 2001
 Fitness 2002
 Food and Water Hygiene 2003
 Stress management 2004
 Sleep management 2007
 Smoking 2010
 Vaccinations 2011
 Malaria 2012

11 Heart attack prevention 2013
Main Health Risks

 Contagious Diseases
 Malaria
 HIV/AIDS
 The following are illness-related deaths in Schlumberger:
– Heart attacks and cancer are the first two causes of non-
occupational illness within the company.
– Malaria is the first cause of occupational illness within the
company.

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Conclusion

 Your health is your wealth.

 Prevention measures and a healthy lifestyle will allow you to
lead a healthy and long life.
 Follow the recommendations in the Health brochures.

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What is a Contagious Disease ?

 It is the transmission of a disease from a sick person to a

healthy person.
 Transmission can be either direct from one person to another or
indirect when another object or organism transmits the disease.

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 Contagious diseases can be
transmitted by:

 Water and food  Sex

– Typhoid – AIDS
– Cholera – Hepatitis B
– Hepatitis A – Syphilis
– Botulism – Herpes
 Insects  Blood
– Malaria transfusions
– Yellow Fever – AIDS
– Leishmaniosis – Malaria
– Hepatitis B
 Saliva and respiratory droplets
– Syphilis
– Polio
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– Tuberculosis
 Contagious diseases can be
transmitted by:

Hands and clothing through fecal material:

 Taenia
 Typhoid
 Cholera
Animals:
 Rabies
 Toxoplasmosis

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Origins of Contagious Diseases

Virus (extremely small) Bacteria (very small) Parasites (seen with the naked
eye)
 German Measles, Measles  Typhoid
 Malaria
 Chickenpox  Meningitis
 Bilharziosis
 Mumps  Cholera
 Leishmaniosis
 Smallpox  Tuberculosis
 Ascaris
 Herpes  Leprosy
 Taenia
 Flu  Tetanus, Botulism
 Hepatitis A & B  Diphtheria
 Yellow Fever  Syphilis
 HIV/AIDS
 Polio
17  Ebola
 Zika
Prevention of Contagious Diseases

 Sexually transmitted diseases can be prevented by condoms or abstinence.

 Water transmitted diseases can be prevented by boiling water 1 minute or by using
chemical disinfection.
 Food transmitted diseases can be prevented by cooking foods.
 Blood transmitted diseases can be prevented by using sterile needles, syringes and
having blood tested before transfusions.
 Diseases transmitted by hands and clothing can be prevented by good hygiene and
the regular use of soap and water.

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Prevention of Contagious Diseases

 Insect transmitted diseases can be prevented by

the use of insect bite prevention measures:
– Mosquito nets
– Insecticides
– Long sleeves, long pants, socks
– Preventive medication in the case of malaria
– Keeping doors and windows screened and closed
 Numerous diseases can be prevented by the use
of vaccinations!!!

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 .
Example of Contagious Diseases

Ebola: viral disease

 A disease that provokes fever and bleeding and which killed
thousands of people in West Africa between 2014 and 2015.
 Transmitted by blood and other body fluids.
 No vaccination exists.

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Example of Contagious Diseases

Tuberculosis: bacterial disease

 A disease that infects the lungs, bones, kidneys
and brain
 The bacteria is transmitted in the air when an
infected person coughs.
 Although the BCG vaccinations does not provide
100% protection, it does prevent the severe
neurological forms of the disease.

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Example of Contagious Diseases

Zika fever: viral disease

 Transmitted by a mosquito.
 Usually considered to be a benign
disease but can cause Guillain-Barré
syndrome and microcephaly in new born
babies.

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Example of Contagious Diseases

Poliomyelitis: viral disease

 Transmitted by direct contact as well as by contaminated
food and water.
 Polio provokes irreversible paralysis and death.
 The disease has almost been totally eradicated
worldwide thanks to a very effective vaccination.

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A History of Epidemic Outbreaks P = Polio

S = Smallpox

1700 1900 2000 D = Diphtheria

S 1700’s - 10% of the world population died of smallpox. D 1923 - Vaccination discovered P 2010 - Less than 100
P 1945 – 37,000 cases in USA cases worldwide
S 1707 – 18,000 victims out of 50 000 inhabitants in Iceland.
S D 1945 – 45,000 cases in France
S 1723 – 20,000 deaths in Paris. P 1955 - Vaccination discovered
1796 - Vaccination discovered. S 1977 - Last known case of small
pox identified in Somalia.
S 1980 - Total eradication
S 1981 - World Health Organization
(WHO) no longer requires
Smallpox vaccination
P 1985 - 5 cases in USA
D 1987 - 2 cases
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History of Vaccinations
1700
1796 - Edward Jenner, discoverer of
Smallpox vaccination
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1800
1885 - Louis Pasteur uses a serum against
Rabies on a child bitten by a rabid
dog
1892 - Vaccination against Cholera
1900
1915 - Wright discovers a vaccination against Typhoid
1923 - Vaccination against Whooping Cough
Vaccination against Tetanus and Diphtheria
Calmette-Guerin discover the BCG against Tuberculosis
1937 - Vaccination against Yellow Fever
1955 - Polio vaccination Salk & Sabin
1958 - German Measles (Rubella) vaccination
1969 - Mumps and Measles vaccination
1976 - Hepatitis B vaccination
1976 - Meningitis A & B vaccination
1992 - Hepatitis A vaccination
Tetanus

 Tetanus is found all over the world.

 Tetanus is transmitted by anaerobic germ
that lives in the soil.
 Vaccination:
– 2 shots (3 for children) at one month intervals with a booster one year later
and every 10 years guarantee complete protection.
 Everyone should have this vaccination.

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Hepatitis A

 Viral disease that is transmitted by

contaminated water and food. It is linked to
poor hygiene and sanitation or what is called
the “fecal risk” (contact between feces and water.
 Hepatitis A is fairly common around the world
but is rarely as serious as its big brother hepatitis B,
even though the symptoms of both diseases are basically identical.
 Vaccination:
– Requires 1 shot and a booster 6 months later.
 Highly recommended for all who travel.

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Hepatitis B

 Disease transmitted through blood

and sex.
 2 billion people are carriers of the hepatitis
B virus in the world.
 10 % will evolve into a fatal case of chronic
hepatitis, cirrhosis of the liver or cancer.
 Vaccination:
– Requires 2 injections at one month intervals with a booster 6 months later.
 Highly recommended for all who travel.
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Typhoid

 Very frequent disease transmitted by

contaminated food and water.
 Sometimes fatal.
 Produces severe diarrhea.
 Vaccination:
– Requires only one injection every 2 years
 Highly recommended for all who travel.

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Yellow Fever

 Almost always fatal and transmitted

by a mosquito.
 Produces acute liver and renal failure.
 Vaccination:
– The only vaccination mandatory for travelers.
– Must appear in the yellow vaccination booklet.
– One injection-good for ten years.
 Mandatory for those going to Sub-Sahara Africa or the Amazon basin of South
America.
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Vaccinations of the Future
Malaria

Cancer Leprosy
 Vaccinations today are
genetically engineered.
 There is no biological AIDS Dental Cavities
material and no risk.

Herpes Bilharziasis

Meningitis B Toxoplasmosis

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Recommended Vaccination Calendar

1 – Vaccination schedule for injectable vaccine. Oral vaccine requires booster every 5 years.
2 – Vaccinations schedule for Meningitis A, C, Y, W 135. Meningitis A&C vaccine requires a booster every 3 years.
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Conclusion

 Everyone should be Other vaccinations depend on where you are going and
vaccinated against when:
Tetanus.  Cerebro-spinal meningitis
 Those who are traveling  Tuberculosis
should be vaccinated
against:
 Rabies
– Hepatitis A and B  etc.
– Typhoid For more information check the Schlumberger HealthHub
– Yellow Fever  Schlumberger health publications

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What Is Malaria?

 A parasitic disease transmitted by a mosquito.

 The mosquito bites at NIGHT and injects the disease in the blood.
 It can be fatal: 500,000 deaths/year.
 From the time one gets bitten to the time the symptoms starts to
appear can take between 7 and 60 days.
 No vaccination exists.
 Treatment is urgent and is an emergency.
 7 Schlumberger employees died of malaria between 2000 and
2011.

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Malaria in the World

Countries of the world are divided into:

 Low malaria risk
 Medium and high malaria risk
Medium and high malaria risk countries are in:
 Sub-Sahara Africa
 South East Asia
 Amazon Basin of South America

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Malaria in the World

Low Risk Countries

Medium Risk Countries

High Risk Countries

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Symptoms of Malaria
 There are no specific symptoms.
– Symptoms of malaria looks like those of the flu.
 The flu is also known as the common cold:
– Fever, chills and sweating
– Weakness
– Aches and pains, including abdominal pain
– Diarrhea and vomiting
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 Any of the above symptoms:
– During a stay in a malaria-infested country.
– Within 8 weeks after having left a malaria-infested
country.
 See a doctor and get a blood test for malaria.
 Do not lose time.
 Keep your Schlumberger Curative Malaria Kit
with you.
Malaria Prevention

1. Insect bite prevention.

2. Preventive anti-Malaria medications.

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1 - Insect Bite Prevention

Indoors checklist Outdoors checklist

 Windows and doors are closed.  Long sleeve shirts are worn – prefer light colored
clothing.
 Doors and windows are closed and fitted with screens
and regularly checked for holes.  Long pants and socks are worn.
 Where available air conditioning is working and on cold.  Before going outdoors repellent is applied on
uncovered parts of the body.
 At night electric diffusers are plugged in and working,
particularly in the bedroom.  No company functions organized outdoors in the
evening (e.g. barbecue).
 On verandas coils are burned.
 Stay indoors at night whenever possible.
 When entering a room at night insecticide is sprayed.
 Chemically treated bed net is provided and regularly
checked for holes and used correctly (tucked under the
mattress all around the bed).
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2 - Preventive Medications

 In medium and high malaria risk countries it is highly recommended that preventive anti-
malaria medication be taken during the entire stay.
 Preventive medication also needs to be continued for 4 weeks after having left the malaria
risk country, except for Malarone which needs to be continued only for 7 days after leaving
the country.
 Some medication are taken daily (Doxycycline, Malarone®) while others need to be taken
weekly (Lariam® or Mefloquine)
 Risk of side effects exists with all medications but is small, and reversible when medication
is stopped. The risk of side effects is always smaller than the risk of malaria which is
DEATH!
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 Beware

 Although a preventive treatment taken

regularly greatly reduces the risk of
contracting the disease it does not protect
100%.
 Even if you are taking a preventive
treatment and develop symptoms of
malaria, see a doctor urgently.

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 What to do if Malaria is suspected?

 See a doctor rapidly and test for malaria.

 Do not lose time, this is an emergency.
 If more than 24 hours from a health care professional or
traveling in a country where malaria does not exist you
should use your Schlumberger Curative Malaria Kit.
 Call the Schlumberger Malaria Hotlines:
– Worldwide call: 00 800 6252 7420 or 00 33 1 55 63 37 80
– In the USA call: 011 800 6252 7420 or 011 33 1 55 63 37 80

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Curative Malaria Treatment

 Company designated curative anti-malarial

treatment is based on Coartem (80/480) ®
– May also be called Riamet (80/480) ® depending
on the country where it is commercialized.
 1 tablet morning and evening for 3 days.
Total of 6 tablets.
 Tablets should be taken with a little food
containing fat or with a glass of milk.

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Malaria: Conclusion

 A disease transmitted by a mosquito. Fatal if not  If you suspect malaria -see a doctor urgently.
treated rapidly.  Malaria can be prevented and treated.
 Prevention is based on insect-bite prevention and  For more info read the Schlumberger Guide to
preventive medication. Malaria on the Schlumberger Health Hub
 Symptoms resemble the flu –fever, aches,
pains, diarrhea and vomiting.
 All of the company’s malaria fatalities have
occurred on days-off or on another assignment, in
a non-malaria country, when awareness has
dropped and risk therefore is highest.

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AIDS = Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome

 AIDS is fatal disease.

 There is no cure.
 AIDS is provoked by the HIV (Human
Immunodeficiency Virus).
 More than 5,000 people are contaminated by the
HIV virus each day in the world!
 They become what we call « seropositive » or HIV+
 AIDS destroys a person’s immunity and natural
protection against diseases and causes death.

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HIV Virus Transmission

The HIV virus is transmitted by:  Mother to baby

 Blood – During pregnancy; via
the placenta.
– AIDS is known as a blood borne
pathogen – After pregnancy; via
the milk during breast
 Sex feeding.
– AIDS is a Sexually Transmitted
Disease (STD).
– Transmission can be
heterosexual or homosexual.
– Sexual tourism is a common
46 cause of STDs.
Blood Borne Pathogens

 A blood borne pathogen is any disease transmitted by blood

and other body fluids.
 AIDS is not the only blood borne pathogen.
 Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C can also be transmitted by blood
and other body fluids.
 Blood borne pathogens are transmitted by transfusions,
exchange of needles (drug users), use of non-disposable
material, invasive medical procedures.

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Sexually Transmitted Diseases

AIDS is not the only sexually transmitted disease. Most STDs have visible symptoms that rapidly
Many other diseases are transmitted by sex: appear in the days following sex:
 Syphilis  Discharge from the penis or vagina
 Gonorrhea  Pain and difficulty during urination
 Chlamydia  Blister on the genital area
 Herpes  Tenderness and swelling of the testicles
 Genital warts

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Becoming HIV+ and having AIDS

 There are no visible symptoms that a person has become infected by the HIV virus…no pain, no skin rash or blister, no
discharge.
 Being HIV+ means that you have been in contact with the HIV virus.
 It does not mean that you have AIDS…yet! But over the following months or years your risk of developing AIDS is high.

Contact

No symptoms

Day 0 8-12 weeks

HIV+
1 to 20 years
AIDS

 It takes 8 to 12 weeks from the initial contamination to the time that the virus is detectable by a blood test.
 It takes years before an untreated HIV+ person develops the disease called AIDS.
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Estimated Number of HIV+ Adults
Eastern Europe &
Central Asia 1,5
million

North America Western Europe

1.2 million 1.2 million

North Africa
& Middle East Asia & Pacific
280,000 5 million

Latin America
& Caribbean
1,9 million

Sub-Saharan Africa
26 million

TOTAL: 37 MILLION (2015)

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HIV and AIDS in the World

 37 million people in the world today are HIV+.

 39 million people have died since the beginning of
the AIDS epidemic in 1980.

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AIDS Virus Deactivation?

 The AIDS virus is not very resistant outside of the

body.
 The AIDS virus can easily be killed by:
– Bleach
– Temperatures above 60°C
 However, the virus is resistant to:
– Cold
– Gamma and X-Rays
– Ultraviolet Radiation
 Clean all wounds with soap and hot water.

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How AIDS is Not Transmitted

 Giving blood (with a sterile needle)

 Using public toilets
 Normal working activities
 Going to school
 Taking public transportation
 Swimming pools
 Getting bitten by mosquitoes

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 AIDS = Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

There is no risk of HIV transmission at the worksite,

through normal everyday contacts.

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HIV Prevention

To prevent transmission by blood:

 Use only disposable needles and syringes
for all vaccinations and injections.
 Avoid blood transfusions whenever possible.
 Have all blood tested before transfusions.
 Use the company recommended medical facilities.

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HIV Prevention

To prevent transmission through sex:

 Abstinence
 Fidelity to one sexual partner.
 Avoid sexual tourism.
 Safe sex = the use of a condom.

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 HIV Prevention

Avoid
 Non-company approved dental facilities when
outside of your home country
 Acupuncture
 Getting a tattoo or piercing.
 Sharing your razor or toothbrush.
Always
 Protect yourself when giving First Aid.
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Conclusion

 AIDS is a fatal disease for which there is no curative treatment.

 Transmission is mainly by blood and sex.
 Measures for prevention:
– Abstinence, fidelity to one partner or safe sex with the use of condoms.
– Using only disposable needles and syringes.
 There is no risk of transmission for normal working activities.
 Protect yourself when giving first aid.

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