Mixing Water for

Concrete
Mixing Water for
Concrete
 Typical Water Analyses, ppm
Chemicals City water Seawater
Silica (SiO2) 0 to 25 —
Iron (Fe) 0 to 0.2 —
Calcium (Ca) 1 to 100 50 to 480
Magnesium (Mg) 0 to 30 260 to 1410
Sodium (Na) 1 to 225 2190 to 12,200
Potassium (K) 0 to 20 70 to 550
Bicarbonate (HCO3) 4 to 550 —
Sulfate (SO4) 2 to 125 580 to 2810
Chloride (Cl) 1 to 300 3960 to 20,000
Nitrate (NO3) 0 to 2 —
Mixing Water for Total dissolved solids 20 to 1000 35,000
Concrete
 Atomic Absorption
Spectrophotometer

Mixing Water for

Concrete
 Acceptance Criteria for
Questionable Water Supplies
ASTM C 94 or AASHTO M 157

Limits Test method

Compressive strength,
ASTM C 109 or
minimum percentage of 90
AASHTO T 106
control at 7 days
Time of set, deviation from 1:00 earlier ASTM C 191 or
from control, hr:min. to 1:30 later AASHTO T 131

Mixing Water for

Concrete
 Chemical Limits for Mixing Water
ASTM C 94 or AASHTO M 157
Concentration,
Chemical or type of construction Max. ppm Test method
Chloride, as Cl ASTM D 512
Prestressed concrete or concrete 500
in bridge decks
Other reinforced concrete
containing aluminum or dissimilar 1,000
metals or galvanized metal forms
Sulfate, as SO4 3,000 ASTM D 516
Alkalies, as (Na2O + 0.658 K2O) 600
Total solids 50,000 AASHTO T 26
Mixing Water for
Concrete
 ACI 318 Limits for Chloride
Ion Content in Concrete
 Prestressed concrete 0.06%
 Reinforced concrete exposed
to chloride in service 0.15%
 Reinforced concrete that will
be dry or protected from
moisture in service 1.00%
 Other reinforced concrete
construction 0.30%

Mixing Water for

Concrete
 Acid Waters

Mixing Water for

Concrete
 Wash Water

Mixing Water for

Concrete
 Video

Water

Mixing Water for

Concrete