CHAPTER 2

SHEAR FORCE AND

BENDING MOMENT
A beam is a structural member that is designed to
support transverse loads, that is, loads that act
perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the beam.
A beam resists applied loads by a combination of
internal transverse shear force (from the shear stress
distribution) and bending moment (from normal stress
distribution)

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Types of beams:

(a) Statically Determinate Beams

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(b) Statically Indeterminate Beams

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 Shear Forces and Bending Moment In
Beams

 Shear Force at any section of a beam is equal to the

algebraic sum of the normal forces to the left of the
section.
 Forces directed up produce positive shear and
forces directed down produce negative shear.
F F

F F

+V -V
F F
F F
+V -V

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 Bending moment at any section of a beam is equal to the
algebraic sum of the moments of the forces about the centroid
of the cross section for forces left of the section.
 Clockwise moments are positive and counterclockwise
moments are negative.
 Maximum bending moment exist when shear force equal to
zero.

M M
M M
M
M +M -M M
M
Example:

Draw the shear and moment diagrams for the beam

shown.
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