DIRECT TO HOME

DTH

Submitted to : Presented by:

Manasi Puranik
Mayuri Ghante
EC-A , 3rd yr.
SVITS SVITS
 CONTENTS
 What is DTH?
 Advantages
 What is satellite TV?
 Components required
 Transmission
 Receiver
 The ku band
 Satellites Used
 DTH in India
 Future of DTH in India
 Disadvantages
What is DTH?
 Stands for Direct to
Home.
 reception of satellite
programmes with a
personal dish in an
individual home.
 No need for local
cable operators
 Sets up direct
broadcaster-
consumer relation
 Advantages of DTH
 No need for cable operators
 Digital transmission hence better

 Less expensive just installation cost

 U can scan nearly about 700

channels.
 Very useful for remote areas and

hilly areas .
 The Satellite TV
 Range and line of sight biggest
problem with broadcast TV.
 Satellite TV – the best solution for it.
 Some more about Satellite
 Geosynchronous orbit.
 satellite is launched into space at about 7,000
mph (11,000 kmph), reaching approximately
22,200 miles (35,700 km)
 high-powered Ku-Band satellite(i.e. for DTH),
with a range of 100 to 200 watts per
transponder, only requires an antenna 18 inches
in diameter.
 NSS6, INSAT3E, INSAT4B in future
 Components Required
 Five major components
 Provider, broadcast center, satellite,

dish, receiver, set-top box.

 Programming sources: the channels
 Broadcast center: interconnection

between channels and Satellites.

 Satellites: ku band satellites.

Increased number of channels and

reduced size of dish.
 Dish antenna: pizza size, parabolic

with centered collector called feed

horn.
 Receiver: Set Top box or decoder.
 TRANSMISSION
 COMPRESSION : MPEG-2, 270mbps,
200 channels.
 MPEG encoder analysis and converts

it into 3 frames.
 After encoding encryption is done.

 Then the signal is broadcast station

from where it is send to satellite.

 Satellite receives, amplifies and

transmit back.
 Receiving the signal
 Lets see what happens when a signal reaches
receiver’s home
 The dish is a parabolic collector
 LNB or feed horn.
 Receiver at home

 Basically it’s a Set

top box
 Its has four
functions:
1. Decryption
2. MPEG-2 to Analog
conversion
3. Sends signal to
change channels
4. track of pay-per-
view programs
 The ku Band
 Part of EMT spectrum
 12-18 GHz according to nomenclature in IEEE Standard
521-2002 .
 The band is split into multiple segments that
vary by geographical region by the
International Telecommunication Union (ITU).
 Ku band signals can be affected by rain attenuation (
rain fade). In case of TV reception, only heavy rainfalls
(>100 mm/hr) will have noticeable effect for the user.
 NBC was the first television network to uplink a
majority of its affiliate feeds via Ku band in
1983
SATELLITES used
 NSS-6: First class connectivity for Asia
and the world.
 The latest telecommunications satellite
INSAT-4B was launched recently from
European Ariane-5 ECA launch vehicle of
Arianespace out of French Guiana.
 The satellite, the second in the INSAT
series, took off with 12 high-powered Ku-
band transponders and 12-C band
transponders.
 TataSky have booked all the 12
transponders in INSAT-4A and players like
Doordarshan and Dish TV has
transponders in NSS6
INSAT-4B Communication Payload
 In 12 Ku-band transponders with 36 MHz and 27 MHz
usable bandwidth (9 and 3 numbers respectively)
employing 140 W covering Indian mainland
 12 C-band transponders with 36 MHz usable bandwidth
employing 63 W with expanded coverage encompassing
Indian geographical boundary, area beyond India in
southeast and northwest regions
The INSAT-4CR launched into
Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO)
carries 12 high-power Ku-band
transponders designed to provide
communication services such as Direct-
To-Home (DTH) television services,
Video Picture Transmission (VPT) and
Digital Satellite News Gathering.
 DTH Services in India
 Service providers: DD Direct Plus, TataSky, Dish
TV.
 Only DD Direct+ is free to air
 Though the transmission was on for quite some
time, the bouquet was formally inaugurated by
our Honorable Prime Minister on 16/12/2004
 The DD DIRECT+ envisages telecast of 30 free-
to-air channels
 Satellite Earth Station for uplink of signals has
been setup at Delhi .
 Future Of DTH in India
 it is projected that within three years,
there would be around 2.5 million DTH
subscribers in India
 It is estimated that the subscriber base
will grow to 30 million by 2015. DTH is not
a simple business. It has built an
ecosystem of 300,000 people involved in
support and maintenance, and 350
reseller and distributors
 The Inast-4A launched in December 2005,
is being followed by the 4B, 4C, 4D and 4E
would provide more transponders for DTH
 Use of MPEG-4 compression technique to
increase no. of channels.
 Disadvantages

 Separate receiver for separate TV

within same home
 Signals affected by rains and snows

 Not all channels are free.

 BIBLIOGRAPHY
 www.google.com
 www.howstuffworks.com

 www.ddinews.com

 www.isro.org

 www.rediff.com
Any Queries