Programmable Logic

Controllers

Lecture 27
PLC Languages
Jesus is a friend who knows all your faults
and still loves you anyway.

But God demonstrates his own love for us in

this: While we were still sinners, Christ died
for us.
Romans 5:8
 Agenda

IEC 61131 Standard

Programming Models
Instruction List
Structured Text
Ladder Diagram
Function Block Diagram
Sequential Function Charts
 IEC 61131 Standard

•Common and open framework

•Loosely defined
•Approved in 1992
•Six Main Components
- IEC 61131-1 Overview
- IEC 61131-2 Requirements and Test Procedures
- IEC 61131-3 Data Types and Programming
- IEC 61131-4 User Guidelines
- IEC 61131-5 Communications
- IEC 61131-7 Fuzzy Control
 Programming Models

IL (Instruction List)
ST (Structured Text)
LD (Ladder Diagram)
FBD (Function Block Diagram)
SFC (Sequential Function Charts)
 Instruction List

•Textual PLC Programming Language

•Effectively Like Assembly Programming
•Best Suited for Small Uncomplicated Programs
•Instructions Consist of:
- Operator
- Modifier
- Operand

Example: AND NOT 00200

Instruction List Example
Instruction List Example 2
 Structured Text

• Textual PLC programming language

• Effectively like BASIC programming
• Easiest to troubleshoot and understand
• Useful for implementing calculation-intensive
functions and other difficult functions
• Instructions consist of constructs

•Example: Analog_Out := Error * Gain;

 Structured Text
* Sample Structured Text Code * (comments)
VAR (variables)
temp: INT;
error: BOOL;
END_VAR
temp := %IW4; (addresses)
IF temp > 3200 THEN
error := TRUE;
%QW := 200;
ELSE
%QW := temp / 16;
END_IF;
 Ladder Diagram

• Primary programming language

• Resembles original relay logic documentation
• Addressing and memory is different for every
manufacturer
• Ladder logic scanning (rung order vs. network
column)
• Not purely parallel processor like relay logic
Ladder Diagram
 Function Block Diagram

• Graphical data-flow programming method

• Interconnected blocks
• Similar to Ladder Logic
Function Block Diagram Example
 Sequential Function Charts

• Graphical method for structuring programs

• Design tool for sequential problems
•Consists of:
- Interconnected steps
- Actions
- Transitions
Sequential Function Chart Example