Corporate Training on

Java Programming
From : UPTEC Computer Consultancy
Ltd
Civil Lines , Allahabad
By : Vijay Kumar Dwivedi

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 Genesis of Java
High Level Languages Prior to C
Structured Programming
ShortComings
of Structured Programming
Object Oriented Paradigm
Need of Java
Evolution of Java
Continued …
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 Genesis of Java
(Continued..)

Platform Independence in Java

Features of Java
Java and Internet
Java and it’s Varieties
Starting Java Programming
Points to remember
Summary
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 High Level Language Prior
to C
Language Use Not
Applicable
FORTRAN Scientific System
Application Code

BASIC Easy to learn Large

Program
ASSEMBLY Highly Efficient for Not Easy to
System Program Learn

COBOL Business System

Application Program
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Structured Programming
A language is said to be structured
if it supports the following
construct
Sequential
Selection
IF
CASE
Iteration
FOR
WHILE
DO WHILE
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 Shortcomings of
Structured Programming
Not Efficient for Handling of
Complex Programs in terms of –
Maintenance
Addition in existing Programs
Modification in Existing Programs
Security
Reusability

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Object Oriented Paradigm
Organizes Program around it’s data .
Data Controlling access to the Code
Abstraction
Hiding Complexity of Data and Code
Encapsulation
Mechanism that binds code and data
together.

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 Abstraction
Hiding Complexity of Data
Can be done by breaking a
complex problem into more
manageable pieces.
Internal Structure and
Organization of Data is completely
Hidden.
Similarly the working methodology
of methods is completely Hidden
from the external view.
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 Encapsulation
Mechanism that binds data and
code together.
Keeps code and data safe from
outside interference and misuse.
Class is the implementation of
Encapsulation

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 Class
Defines the structure and behaviour
shared by the set of objects.
Class is a logical construct.
The elements which are defined inside
the class are called the member of the
class.
The Variables defined inside the class
are known as member Variables ans
Similarly the code defined inside the
class is known as methods.
Class is a data type for creating objects.
Continued …
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 Class Continued …
Class Name

Account Holder Member

Variables
ac_no
name
Member op_bal
functions
deposit()
withdrawl()

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 Objects
Are also known as instance of a class.
An Object is a class type variable
holding individual copy of data.
The variables defined inside the class
are known as Properties/ Attributes of
the object of that class and similarly the
methods defined inside the class are
known as Behaviour of the Objects for
that Class.

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 Declaration of Object

Account Holder

ac_no
name ac1

op_bal
deposit() ac1 is an object of Account Holder Class
withdrawl()

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 Inheritance
The Process by which one object
acquires the properties of another
object
The class whose members are being
used by the objects of another class is
known as Superclass.
The class whose objects uses members
defined in another class is known as
subclass
Continued …
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 Inheritance (Continued…)
Account Holder
Super Class
ac_no acOpen()
name withdrawl()
op_bal
deposit()

Sub Class ChequeBook Holder

chequeBook st_no
chequeBook_eno
wd_Cheque()

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 Polymorphism
Allows one interface to be used for
general class of actions and the specific
action is determined by the exact
nature of the situation.
Polymorphism can be expressed by “
One Interface multiple methods”.
Eg. Dog’s Smell
If dog smells a cat , it will bark and if it
smells food then it will run to the bowl.

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Platform Independence
Before discussing Platform
Independence we have to
understand the Compilation of any
Program in High Level language

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 Compilation of a Program
Source Code

Dos Based Compiler Window based Compiler Unix Based Compiler

Dos/ Windows based Operating System Unix Operating System

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 Need of Java
The Primary Motivation for Java was the
need for Platform Independent
Language to create Softwares to be
embedded in various Consumer
Electronic Devices.
Platform Independent Language means
that can be used to produce code which
can run on variety of CPU under
different environments.

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 Evolution of Java
Java was invented by James
Goasling
Initially it was known as “Oak” but
later renamed Java in 1995.
Java was primarily designed for
Consumer Electronic Devices but
due to plateform independence
feature it has proven to be the
most suitable language for Internet
Applications.
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Platform Indepedence in
Java
Java Compiler generates the ByteCode
for any Source code in java
Byte Code is a highly optimized set of
instructions designed to be executed by
Java Runtime System (Java Virtual
Machine).
JVM is an interpreter for bytecode.
JVM controls the execution of Java
Program.
JVM can contain the program and
prevent it from generating the side
effect outsideUptec
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theLines,System
Allahabad . 21
 Compilation of a Program in
Java
Source Code in Java

Output of
Java Compiler Compilation
Byte Code

JVM for Dos/Windows JVM for Unix /Linux

Dos/ Windows based Operating System Unix Operating System

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 Features of Java
Simple
Portable
Object Oriented
Robust
Multithreaded
Interpreted
Distributed
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 Java and Internet

Java provides facility to create two type

of Programs
Application
Applet
An Application is a program that runs on
the local computer
An applet is a small application
designed to be transmitted over
INTERNET and executed by Java
compatiable Web Browser
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 Java & it’s Varieties
CORE JAVA- contains general classes
and method which can be used to
create standalone application.
Applet – small application that can be
executed by Java Web Browser.
Swing – contains classes & methods to
create Advanced Graphical User
interface.
JSP – (Java Server pages) provides
facility to create Application that can be
executed on the Server.
JDBC – provides facility to connect
databases of different vendors with
application & Uptec
applet.
Civil Lines, Allahabad
Continued …25
Java & it’s Varieties
(Continued…)
• RMI- ( Remote Method Invocation )
provides facility to execute one
method on one from another
machine.
• EJB (Enterprise Java Beans) –
provides application to create
middle tier application
.
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 Starting Java
Programming
Java Source code can be created
by using any type of text Editor.
Java Source Code is a text file
having extension . java.
Java is Case Sensitive.
Sample of the Java Program is

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Sample of Java Program
File Name (test.java)
class test
{
public static void main ( String
args[])
{
System.out.println(“Welcome”);
}
}
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Explanation of Sample
Program
test – class name
public – scope
static – keyword
void - keyword
main ()- starting method for execution
String – bulit in Data Type
args[] – default array name for storing
values
System.out.println() - method for
displaying information on console
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Compiling a Java Program
javac compiler is used for
compiling the source file . The
Syntax is –
javac sourcefilename
javac compiler creates a class file
having extension .class which
represents the bytecode of the
program.
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Executing a Java Program
Java Interpreter (java) is used for
executing any java program.
It accepts bytecode as input and
interprets for a particular machine.
The Syntax is : -
java classfilename

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Output of Sample Program
C:\jdk1.3\bin>java test
Welcome

C:\jdk1.3\bin>
Variable & its Declaration
A container which can store the
specific type of value
Syntax for Declaration
DataType variable name;

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 Data Types

Non
Primitive
Primitive

Array Class
Number Character
Boolean

byte,int,long char boolean

float
double
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 Operators
Arithmetic
+, - , * , / ,%
Relational
<, <,>=,<=,==
Logical
&&,|| , !
Bitwise
<<,>>,>>>

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 Sequential Construct
if statement
if (condition)
{
statement;
statement;
}
else
{
statement ;
statement;
}

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 Sequential Construct
if statement
if (condition) Condition
ConditionTrue
True
{
statement;
statement;
}
else
{
statement ;
statement;
}

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 Sequential Construct
if statement
if (condition)
{
statement;
statement;
}
else
{ Condition False
statement ;
statement;
}

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 Loops
While Loop
Protested loops
Loop continues till condition remains true
Loop terminates as condition becomes false

Syntax
while (condition)
{
statement;
}

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 Loops
do while Loop

 Post tested loops

 condition is given at the end of the loop
 loop is executed at least once irrespective
of condition evaluation
 Loop continues till condition remains true
 Loop terminates as condition becomes false
Syntax
do
{
statement;
}while (condition);
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 Arrays
Continuous Memory location for
holding similar type of data under
a single heading
Syntax
Datatype variable name [] =new Datatype[size];

Array locations are referenced by

arrayname[subscript];

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 Points to Remember
Java is case sensitive.
Class name and source file name
should be same otherwise it will
generate error at the time of
execution.
• Java is Strictly Object Oriented
language therefore everything
should be inside the class
Definition.
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 Summary
Therefore , we have covered
Genesis of Java
Java Features
Object Oriented Pradaigm
Java Overview
Queries ?

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Thanks
End of Day -1
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