Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
( PTH )
DISINTESIS DALAM BENTUK TIDAK AKTIF
PREPROHORMON RIBOSOM
Plasma Ca+2
concentration
PO4-3
αsβγ-GDP
1
Vitamin D dan hormon paratiroid
2. REGULASI METABOLISME
1.REGULASI SINTESIS dikaitkan
2. REGULASI METABOLISME
dikaitkan
dengan degradasi PTH
• Regulation of Synthesis
– Biosynthesis is regulated by levels of calcium
– An acute decrease of Ca results in marked increase of PTH mRNA
increase of PTH synthesis as a result of the pro PTH degradation
– Effects is at the level of gene transciption, mRNA stability, mRNA
translation
– Rate of degradation of PTH is low if low calcium and high if calcium is
high ( regulation of metabolism )
– 1, 25 (OH)2D3 receptor complex binds with vitamin D in the promoter
region of PTH gene and inhibits transcription decreases the
production of PTH ( via nVDRE )
– PTH synthesis can be enhanced by the size and number of PTH
producing chief cells in cases of prolonged hypocalcemia
Calcium and Hormonal
Regulators
• Calcium
• Calcitonin (CT )
Lowers Ca++ in the blood and inhibits osteoclasts
• Parathormone (PTH)
– Increases Ca++ in the blood
– Stimulates osteoclasts
• 1,25 Vitamin D3
– Increases Ca++ in the blood
– Increase Ca++ uptake from the gut
– Stimulates osteoclasts
Other hormones affecting Ca
concentration and bone
development:
. Estrogens: promote bone growth. When
estrogens are reduced at menopause,
osteoporosis is accelerated.
• Testosterone: stimulates bone and cartilage
growth
• Growth hormone: promotes bone and
cartilage growth and increases intestinal
absorption of Ca
PTH MERANGSANG
EKSKRESI BIKARBONAT DI
URINE SEHINGGA MUDAH
TERJADI PELEPASAN ION
KALSIUM DARI ALBUMIN
DITUBUH SEHINGGA
KALSIUM MUDA DIGUNAKAN
Effects of Calcitonin and Parathyroid Hormones
on Blood Calcium Levels
Vitamin D3
25 OH Vitamin D3 ( 25 OH ase )
Ca++ in EXCRETION
the diet Ca++ lost in
small intestine feces
Hidroksi ( OH ) prolin