Renal

PSGN
IgA nephropathy
MPGN
PKD
 Autosomal Recessive Polycystic
Kidney Disease
• Children, progressive & fatal renal failure.
Multiple enlarged cysts, that are
perpendicualr to renal capsule. Association
with liver cysts. Bilateral palpable mass.
 ADPKD
• Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney
Disease: adults, mutation of PKD1 gene (chromosome
16) that produces a trasnmembrane
protein Polycystin1. Multiple, large, round cysts.
Bilateral palpable mass, flank pain, hematuria, renal
insufficiency
• Association with:
• Cysts in liver, pancreas.
• Berry aneurysms in circle of willis.
• Mitral valve prolapse.
• Colonic diverticula.
ADPKD
Multicystic dysplasia
• Kidney, ureter,
and bladder
(KUB) images
of an infant
with a right
multicystic
dysplastic
kidney
demonstrate
displacement
of bowel loops
away from the
right abdomen.
• Variant of renal dysplasia.
• Most frequently identified congenital anomalies of
the urinary tract.
• Most common cause of an abdominal mass in the
newborn period and is the most common cystic
malformation of the kidney in infancy.
• Renal dysplasia: abnormal metanephric
differentiation.
• Multicystic dysplastic kidney is a form of renal
dysplasia
• Multiple, noncommunicating cysts of varying size
separated by dysplastic parenchyma and the
absence of a normal pelvocaliceal system.
• Associated with ureteral or ureteropelvic atresia,
and the affected kidney is nonfunctional.
Medullary Sponge Kideney disease:
• cysts in collecting
ducts with “Swiss
Cheese
appearence”,
recurrent UTI,
hematuria, renal
stones
•
Bifid renal pelvis
 Bladder
exstrophy
Uretrocele
Horseshoe kidney
Horseshoe kidney
Prune belly syndrome
Structural and urologic abnormalities
Horseshoes kidney
VUR grading
Normal
urolithiasis
HTN
Retinal hemorrhage
 Arteriovenous
nicking
• constriction of a retinal vein
at an artery-vein crossing.
cafe au lait spots

• pigmented cutaneous lesions, ranging fr

om light to dark brown, and due to an ex
cess of melanosomes in themalpighian c
ells, rather than to an excess of melanoc
ytes; café au lait spots are one of the ma
jor cutaneousmanifestations of neurofib
romatosis (von Recklinghausen disease);
six or more café au lait spots, some exce
eding1.5 cm in diameter, can almost alw
ays be found in type 1 (peripheral) neur
ofibromatosis. These are oftenaccompa
nied by frecklelike spots in the axilla.
renal artery stenosis radioisotope scan
Renal artery stenosis CT
Renal artery stenosis angiography