ADOLESCENT AND CHILD

NUTRITION
PRESENTED BY:
SEAN JUDE O. PALENZUELA
 FOOD
• Is any substance consumed to provide
nutritional support for an organism. It is usually
of plant or animal origin, and contains essential
nutrients, such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins,
vitamins, or minerals.
Importance of proper food intake
•Disease Prevention
•Facilitates Growth
•Able to Perform tasks
MACRONUTRIENTS
• Carbohydrates
• Carbohydrates are comprised of small chains of sugar which the
digestive body breaks down into glucose to use as the body’s
primarily energy source and therefore need to make up around 45-
65% of a diet.
• Carbohydrates to choose: Apples, bananas, cauliflower, carrots, oats,
brown rice, millet, quinoa, chickpeas, kidney beans.
• Fats
• Don’t be scared of fats! Fats are an essential part of a healthy diet and
should account for about 15-20% what you consume. They help by
improving brain development, overall cell functioning, protecting the
body’s organs and even helping you absorb vitamins found in foods.
• Some examples of healthy fats: Almonds, walnuts, seeds (pumpkin,
chia), olives, avocados.
• Protein
• Protein is essential for repairing and regenerating body tissues and
cells, a healthy functioning immune system and manufacturing
hormones. This wouldn’t be possible without amino acids, which are
found in protein-based foods. In total there are 20 types of amino
acids, 9 of which are ‘essential’ and can only be found in certain
foods.
• Good sources of protein: Beans, pulses and legumes, seeds (hemp,
chia, flax), nuts (unsalted), quinoa, avocado, beets, raw greens (kale,
spinach).
FOOD PYRAMID
 BASIC FOOD GROUPS
• Grain (cereal) foods:
- always choose wholegrain and/or high fibre varieties of breads,
cereals, rice, pasta, noodles, etc. Refined grain products (such as cakes
or biscuits) can be high in added sugar, fat and sodium.
Vegetables, Fruits, legumes and beans:

-Vegetables should make up a large part of your daily food intake

and should be encouraged at every meal (including snack times).
They provide vitamins, minerals, dietary fibre and phytonutrients
(nutrients naturally present in plants) to help your body stay healthy.
• Lean meats and poultry, fish, eggs, tofu, nuts and seeds:
- our body uses the protein we eat to make specialised chemicals
such as haemoglobin and adrenalin. Protein also builds, maintains, and
repairs the tissues in our body. Muscles and organs (such as your heart)
are made of protein.
• Dairy:
-the foods in this group are excellent sources of calcium, which is
important for strong, healthy bones. Not many other foods in our diet
contain as much calcium as dairy foods.
• Fats, oils and sweets
-are not bad foods. When we eat them along with foods like
grains, fruits, vegetables, milk and meat products they are part of a
healthy diet. Eating too many fats, oils or sweets can be a problem
when we eat them instead of foods and nutrients we get in the other
food groups.
• SPECIAL CONSIDERATION:

• BABIES MUST BE EXCLUSIVELY BREASTFED UP TO 6 MONTHS!!!!!

DIET
• The kinds of food that a person, animal, or community habitually
eats.

BALANCED DIET
• A balanced diet is one that gives your body the nutrients it
needs to function correctly.
BODY MASS INDEX
• The BMI is an attempt to quantify the amount of
tissue mass (muscle, fat, and bone) in an
individual, and then categorize that person
as underweight, normal weight, overweight,
or obese based on that value
 CALCULATE YOUR BMI
Metric BMI Formula

Weight (kg) / Height (m)2

With the metric system, the formula for BMI is weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared (kg/m2).
Since height is commonly measured in centimeters, divide height in centimeters by 100 to obtain height in meters .

Imperial BMI Formula

(Weight (lbs.) * 703) / Height (inches)2

When using pounds and inches, the formula needs to be altered slightly.
Multiply your weight in pounds by 703. Divide that by your height in inches, squared.
70kg/(1.75m) 2
70kg/2.5375m
27.59 = OVERWEIGHT
50kg/(1.60m) 2
50kg/2.56m
19.53 = NORMAL
123.27lbs*703/(69inches) 2
86658.81lbs/4761inches
18.20=UNDERWEIGHT
 COMMON NUTRITIONAL ILLNESSES
• Malnutrition
- in all its forms, includes undernutrition (wasting, stunting,
underweight), inadequate vitamins or minerals, overweight, obesity,
and resulting diet-related non-communicable diseases.
• WASTING
Acute inadequate nutrition leading to rapid weight loss or
failure to gain weight normally

• SHUNTING
Inadequate nutrition over long period of time leading to
failure of linear growth

• UNDERWEIGHT
A combination measure, therefore, it could occur as a
result of wasting, stunting, or both
 VITAMIN DEFICIENCIES
• Primary deficiency
- is when an inadequate vitamin intake causes a person to become deficient. It
is due to not receiving the necessary levels of a vitamin from your diet and
this type is basic

• Secondary deficiency
-This deficiency occurs as a result of a disease or lifestyle factor
VITAMIN DEFICIENCY MAY LEAD TO:

SCURVY

RICKETS
 PREVENTION AND TREATMENT

• MEDICATION, BALANCED DIET AND HEALTHY LIFESTYLE!!!!!

 -END-

•THANK YOU!!!