Division

by One Digit
Divisors
Allegra James
and Larry Wershbale
Media Design and Production
ISTC 665
 What are you doing when
you divide?
• When you divide, you • Dividing these 16 apples
are trying to split into 4 equal groups,
something into equally gives you 4 groups that
numbered groups have 4 apples in each of
the groups:
• Take these 16 apples:
    
    
Division by One-digit Divisors

• Today you will learn how to divide a

three-digit dividend by a one-digit
divisor, to get a quotient without a
remainder
• Let’s review these terms
 What are the parts of a
division problem?
• The dividend is the number you are dividing
• The divisor is the number you are dividing by
• The quotient is the evenly divided result
• The remainder is what is left over that cannot
be evenly divided
 When we write the problem
like this:
136  5 = 27 r 1

136 5 27 1
is the is the is the is the
dividend divisor quotient remainder
 When writing it like this:
27 r 1 1 is the
5, the remainder
5 136
divisor, 27, the
moves 136, the quotient,
to here dividend, stays
moves here here
 How do you solve a
division problem?
• Solving a division problem is a step by step
process

• The method we will learn today is based the

words for the people in our families.

• They are:

Father Mother Sister Brother

The “Family” Method
Father = Find

Mother = Multiply

Sister = Subtract

Brother = Bring Down

 Father
• Father stands for find

• Start by looking at the first number in the dividend

• Find the multiple of the divisor that comes closest

to that number, without going higher

• Use your knowledge of math facts, or a

multiplication grid
Father = find the number closet to the first digit

2
3 711 2 6

• In the 3’s, the number

closest to 7, but not
more than 7, is 6
• The other factor is 2
• Put a 2 above the 7
 Mother = multiply the number that is the
factor that you found times the divisor
2
• You found 2, multiply 3 711
it times the divisor, 3 6
• 2 times 3 equals 6
2X3=6

• Put a 6 under the 7

 Sister = subtract the number you got by
multiplying the divisor,
from the number in the dividend

• You got a 6 when you multiplied 2

• Subtract 6 from 7
3 711
–6
• 7–6=1 1
• The difference must be smaller than the divisor!!!
 Brother = bring down the next number,
from the number in the dividend

2
3 1
711
• Bring down the next number in –6
the dividend
11
• The new number you have is 11

• Now start over again with Father for the ten’s

 Now, let’s do the second step

23
• Father: 9 is the closest multiple,
the other factor you found is 3 3 1
711
–6
• Mother: 3 X 3 = 9, put a 9 under
the 11 11
• Sister: subtract 9 from 11 –9
11- 9 = 2 21
• Brother: bring down the 1
 Now, let’s do the last step
2 37
• Father: 21 is the closest 3 1
711
multiple, the other factor is 7
–6
• Mother: 7 X 3 = 21, put 21 under
the 21 11
–9
• Sister: subtract 21 from 21
21- 21 = 0 21
• Brother: nothing’s left, you’re done!
– 21
0
 Now, let’s practice!

• Father 2
4 86
864
• Mother –8
06
• Sister

• Brother
 Now, let’s do the second step

21
• Father
4 64
864
–8
• Mother
06
• Sister –4
24
• Brother
 Now, let’s do the last step
2 16
• Father
4 6
864
–8
• Mother
06
• Sister
–4
24
• Brother – 24
0
 What do I do with division now?

• Finish the rest of the worksheet

• Homework: probs. 1-10, p. 64 in text
• Go to this icon on the class’
computers for extra practice if you have
free time
• Look for the same icon on the class’
website for practice at home