ANTENNA

PREPARED BY:
RAJ BELANI : 1620BEEC30036

Internal Guide
MR. PRASHANT OZA
E&C Department
LDRP-ITR, Gandhinagar

Kadi Sarva Vishwavidyalaya

LDRP Institute of Technology & Research, Gandhinagar
Electronics & Communication Engineering Department
April 2018
Presentation overview
• WHAT IS ANTENNA
• HISTORY
• TYPES OF ANTENNA
• ADVANTAGES OF ANTENNA
• DISADVANTAGES OF ANTENNA
• APPLICATIONS
What is antenna?

 An antenna is an electrical device which converts electric

energy into radio waves.it is usually used with a radio
transmitter or radio receiver.
 An antenna is a device for sending or receiving
electromagnetic waves.
Transmitter antenna
• A device that converts sound,light
or electrical signals into radio,
microwave,or other electrical
signals.
Reciver Antenna

• An antenna used to convert

electromagnetic waves in to
electrical energy.
HISTORY
• In 1842,joseph henry used vertical wires on the roof of his
house detect lightning flashes.
• In 1884,clerk Maxwell presents his equation.
• In 1885,Thomas Edison patented a communications system
that utilized top-loaded,vertical antennas for telegraphy.
• In 1887,heinrich hertz used his “Hertzian dipole” to validate
Maxwell’s claim that electromagnetic waves propagate
through the air.
• In 1889,Marconi is generally credited with developing
commericially.
TYPES OF ANTENNA
• YAGI-UDA ANTENNA
• LOG-PERIODIC ANTENNA
• HELIX ANTENNA
• PARABOLIC ANTENNA
• LOOP ANTENNA
YAGI-UDA ANTENNA
• Yagi-uda antenna consist of reflector,director and
driven element.
• It is unidirectional antenna
• Frequency range=300MHz-3GHz
Seven element Yagi-uda
Log-periodic antenna
• A unidirectional antenna in which the length and
spacing of the element increase logarithmically from
one end to other.
• It is frequency independent antenna.
• Frequency range = VHF and UHF band.
Log-periodic Antenna
HELIX ANTENNA
• A conducting wire in the form of screw thread fed by
power source.
• The feed lines is connected between the bottom of
the helix and the ground plane.
• Helix antenna is omni directional.
• Frequency range=VHF and UHF band.
Helix Antenna
PARABOLIC REFLECTOR ANTENNA
• This is used to convert spherical wave into plane wave.
• The feed antenna is called primary antenna and
reflector is secondary antenna.
• Frequency range= 3GHz-30GHz
Parabolic reflector antenna
LOOP ANTENNA

• A directional type antenna consisting of one or more

complete turns of a conductor.
• In determine the directional of arrival of radio signals.
• Frequency range = 500-1600KHz.
Loop antenna
Advantages of antenna
• Yagi-uda antenna: It has narrow bandwidth.
• Log-periodic antenna: it is unidirectional antenna.
• Helix antenna: It is very directive antenna.
• Parabolic antenna: smaller size and low cost.
• Loop antenna: they are cheap.
DISADVANTAGES OF ANTENNA
• Yagi-uda antenna:It is sensitive to frequency.
• Log-periodic antenna:lower gain,they are not used to
omni-directional application,they have law polarization
ratio.
• Helix antenna:They are bulky in size.
• Parabolic antenna:The design of parabolic antenna is a
complex process.
• Loop antenna:They have poor gain and very narrowband.
APPLICATIONS
• Satellite communication.
• Space communication.
• Space probes.
• For telemetry applications.
• Radar communication.
• Direction finding of signal propagation.
• Radio(AM/FM)reception.
• Long distance point to point communication.
Thank You.