REFARAT

GAMBARAN RADIOLOGI TUMOR OTAK

OLEH:
VA L E N T I N E A N G E L M O N I C A TA M P U B O LO N
1361050086
PEMBIMBING:
D R . P H E R E N A A M A L I A , S P. R A D

K E PA N I T E R A A N K L I N I K R A D I O LO G I
PERIODE 11 JUNI 2018 – 21 JULI 2018
FA K U LTA S K E D O K T E R A N
U N I V E R S I TA S K R I S T E N I N D O N E S I A
J A K A R TA
 GAMBARAN CT SCAN
KEPALA NORMAL
POTONGAN AXIAL HEAD
GAMBARAN MRI OTAK
NORMAL
AXIAL FLAIR
SAGITTAL T1
CORONAL T1
AXIAL T2
AXIAL SWI
AXIAL SWI MIP
TUMOR OTAK
Klasifikasi Tumor Otak
Prediksi dan Topografi Tumor Otak
TUMOR-TUMOR
SUPRATENTORIUM
ASTROSITOMA
T2
• solid component: hyperintense compared to
adjacent brain
• cystic component: high signal

Located:
(WHO grade I-II) : cerebellum and diencephalic
(WHO grade II) : cerebrum.
(WHO grade III-IV) : cerebellum hemispheres

T2
GLIOBLASTOMA MULTIFORM
• Hyperintense
• surrounded by vasogenic oedema
• flow voids are occasionally seen

Located:
mostly in cerebral hemispheres

AXIAL T2
KRANIOFARNGIOMA
• Cysts
• T1: iso- to hyperintense to brain (due to
high protein content "machinery oil cysts”
• solid component
• T1 C+ (Gd): vivid enhancement
• Calcification
• difficult to appreciate on conventional
imaging
• susceptible sequences may better
demonstrate calcification
Located: Craniopharyngiomas are relatively
benign neoplasms that typically arise in the
sellar/suprasellar region.
AXIAL T1 C+
METASTASIS
• T1C+
• enhancement pattern can be uniform,
punctate, or ring-enhancing, but it is usually
intense
• delayed sequences may show additional
lesions, therefore contrast-enhanced MR is
the current standard for small metastases
detection
Located: cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem
parenchyma

AXIAL T1 C+
TUMOR-TUMOR
INFRATENTORIUM
MEDULOBLASTOMA
• overall are iso to hyperintense to grey
matter
• heterogeneous due to calcification,
necrosis and cyst formation
• surrounding oedema is common

Located: They most commonly present as

midline masses in the roof of the 4th ventricle
with associated mass effect and hydrocephalus

T2
EPENDIMOMA
T2
• hyperintense to white matter
• more reliable in differentiating tumour margins
than non-contrast T1-weighted images (but
less reliable than contrast enhanced T1)
Ependymomas represent a relatively broad group of
glial tumours most often arising from the lining the
ventricles of the brain or the central canal of the
spinal cord.

AXIAL T2
NEURINOMA AKUSTIK
T1 C+ (Gd)
• contrast enhancement is intense
• however, heterogeneous in larger tumours

Located : di sel Schwann, yang dapat ditemukan di

selubung mielin di saraf vestibulokoklear; saraf yang
menghubungkan bagian dalam telinga dan otak.