Con PP T Steel Erection Rule Presentation

New Rule for Steel
Erection
WAC 296-155-701 through -724
The Standard
On the web
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3
Why the new rules??
•OSHA studies of 673 fatalities among
ironworkers highlighted common
hazards
•Deaths were largely preventable by
engineering & regulatory changes
4
= Outline
-703 - Site layout, site specific erection plan &
construction sequence
-704 - Hoisting & rigging
-706 - Structural steel assembly details
-707 - Column anchorage
-708 - Beams & columns
-709 - Open web steel joists
-711 - Systems engineered metal buildings
-714 - Falling object protection
-716 - Fall protection
-717 - Training
5
Site layout, site-specific erection
plan & construction sequence
•Controlling contractor
must provide written
notification that
concrete has attained
– 75% of design strength, or
– Sufficient strength to
support the loads
6
•Controlling
contractor must
ensure that
adequate access
roads are provided
and maintained
Photo courtesy of National Ironworkers & Employers Apprenticeship
Training and Journeyman Upgrading Fund. All rights reserved.
7
Controlling
contractor must
ensure that a suitable
space is provided for
–storage of materials and
–safe operation of
hoisting operations
8
All hoisting
operations must be
preplanned to ensure
all “working under
loads” requirements
are met
9
•A site-specific erection
Example
plan may be
developed to provide
alternate means to
protect employees
•Appendix A contains
guidelines App
10
A
“Steel erection must be

done under the
supervision of a
competent person who
is present at the
worksite.” TOC
12
Next Section
Hoisting & Rigging
•The new section
(WAC 296-155-704)
and
•WAC 296-155-525
& -526
Both apply to Photo courtesy of National Ironworkers & Employers Apprenticeship
hoisting and rigging Training and Journeyman Upgrading Fund. All rights reserved.
14
Hoisting & Rigging
Crane preshift visual inspection
must be visually inspected by a
competent person
•rule gives inspection minimums
•deficiencies must be evaluated
immediately
•equipment posing a hazard must Photo courtesy of National Ironworkers &
Employers Apprenticeship Training and
Journeyman Upgrading Fund. All rights reserved.
be placed out of service
•operator has authority to stop and
refuse any loads until safety is
assured 15
Hoisting & Rigging
•A qualified rigger must inspect the
rigging prior to each shift
Photo courtesy of National Ironworkers & Employers

Apprenticeship Training and Journeyman Upgrading
Fund. All rights reserved.
17
Hoisting & Rigging
Working under loads
Routes for
suspended loads
must be
preplanned to
avoid
endangering
workers
19
Hoisting & Rigging
When working under loads
•materials must be rigged to prevent
unintentional displacement
•hooks must have self-closing safety
latches or equivalent
•all loads must be rigged by a qualified
rigger
20
Hoisting & Rigging
Multiple lift rigging procedure
only when:
– a multiple lift rigging
assembly is used
– specifically within
manufacturer’s
specifications & limitations
– maximum of 5 members
hoisted per lift
– only beams & similar
structural members are
lifted
– only trained employees
involved 21
Hoisting & Rigging
– Bundles of decking
are NOT
appropriate for
multiple lift.
– Even though metal
decking meets the
definition of structural
members
22
Hoisting & Rigging
•Components of the multiple lift
rigging assembly must be specifically
designed and assembled with a
maximum capacity for total assembly
and for each individual attachment
point.
•Based on manufacturer’s
specifications with a 5 to 1 safety
factor on all components 23
Hoisting & Rigging
Total load must not exceed
•rated capacity as specified in the
hoisting equipment load charts and
•rigging capacity specified in the
rigging-rating charts
24
Hoisting & Rigging
Controlled load
lowering must be
TOC
used whenever the
load is over the
connectors 25
Next Section
Structural Steel Assembly
Structural stability maintained at all times
during the erection process
Multistory structures
have permanent floors
installed as the
erection of structural
members progresses
•Within 8 floors of the
concrete, or
26
Apprenticeship Training and Journeyman Upgrading Fund.
All rights reserved.
Structural stability maintained at all times
during the erection process
Multistory structures have permanent

floors installed as the erection of structural
members progresses
•Within 8 floors of the concrete, or
•no more than 4 floors (or 48’) of
unfinished bolting or welding above
secured floor
27
Walking/working surfaces
Elimination of
tripping hazards:
•no shear connectors or
other similar devices
…until after
walking/working
surface has been
installed.
28
Plumbing up
When deemed
necessary by a
competent person:
Plumbing up
equipment must be
installed in
conjunction with the
steel erection process
to ensure stability of
the structure. Apprenticeship Training and Journeyman Upgrading
29
Plumbing up
•When necessary, plumbing up

equipment must be in place and
properly installed before the
structure is loaded with
construction material
30
Plumbing up
•Plumbing up equipment must

be removed only with the
approval of a competent
person
31
Metal decking
Hoisting, landing &

placing of metal
decking bundles
– provisions to prevent
“displacement” of
decking during
handling/storage

All rights reserved. 32
Metal decking
•Roof & floor holes and openings Must

be installed as described:
Para 706(4)(b)
33
Metal decking
•Covering roof and floor openings
Photo courtesy of National Ironworkers & Employers Apprenticeship Training and Journeyman Upgrading Fund. All rights reserved.
35
Metal decking
Decking gaps around

columns
where there are gaps
between columns, the
“falling objects hazards”
must be eliminated

36
Metal decking
During installation,
metal decking must
be laid tightly &
immediately secured
to prevent movement
37
Metal decking
During installation,
metal decking
panels must be
placed to ensure
full support by
structural members
38
Metal decking
Derrick floors
must be fully
decked or planked
& connections
completed
39
Metal decking
Temporary loads
placed on derrick
floors must be
distributed over the
underlying support
to prevent local TOC
overloading
40
Next Section
Column anchorage
Insufficient column
anchorage is a
primary cause of
column failure and
a large contributor
to fatalities among
ironworkers! Training and Journeyman Upgrading Fund. All rights reserved.
41
Column anchorage
Erection Stability
All columns must

be anchored by a
minimum of four
anchor bolts

42
Column anchorage
Erection Stability
All columns* must be
anchored by a minimum of
four anchor bolts
all anchor rod
assemblies must meet
strength criteria
listed in the rule
43
Column anchorage
Erection Stability
Columns must be
•set on level, finished
floors
•pregrouted leveling
plates
•leveling nuts, or
•shim packs
45
Column anchorage
Erection Stability
All columns must be

evaluated by a competent
person to determine if
guying or bracing is
needed.
If guying or bracing is
needed, it must be installed Apprenticeship Training and Journeyman Upgrading Fund.

46
Column anchorage
Anchor rods (bolts)
Anchor rods/bolts must not be

repaired, replaced or field modified
without approval of the project
structural engineer of record
47
Column anchorage
Anchor rods (bolts)
Controlling contractor must provide

written notification to the steel erector
if there has been any repair,
replacement or modification of the
anchor rods/bolts
TOC
48
Next Section
Beams & Columns
Final placing of solid web structural
members
The load must not be released until

members are secured with at least 2
bolts per connection
49
Beams & Columns
members
The load must not be released until members are

secured with at least 2 bolts per connection
Bolts must be
Same size and strength shown in the
erection drawings
Drawn up wrench tight, or equivalent
specified
50
Beams & Columns
members
A competent person must determine if

more than 2 bolts are needed
51
Beams & Columns
Diagonal bracing
Solid web
structural
members used as
diagonal bracing
must be secured
by at least one
bolt per
connection
Wrench tight or
equivalent 52
Beams & Columns
Double connections at columns and/or
beam webs over a column
When making connections

sharing common connection
holes, at least one bolt with
its wrench-tight nut must Photo courtesy of National Ironworkers & Employers
remain connected to the

first member Diagram
Exception 53
Beams & Columns
Column splices
Each column splice

must be designed to
resist a minimum
eccentric gravity
load of 300#
57
Beams & Columns
Perimeter columns
Must extend a minimum

of 48” above the
finished floor to permit
installation of perimeter
safety cables prior to
erection of the next tier
58
Beams & Columns
Perimeter columns
Must have holes

or other devices
for attaching
perimeter cables
TOC
59
Next Section
Open Web Steel Joists
“Open web
steel joists must
be secured
before releasing
the load.”
60
Open Web Steel Joists
Landing and placing loads
No bundle of decking may

be placed on steel joists
until all bridging has been
installed and anchored and
all joist bearing ends
attached,
UNLESS
61
Systems-Engineered Metal
Buildings
“Package Building”
Before releasing hoisting equipment:

•Columns
– minimum 4 bolts at base
•Rigid frames
– 50% of the bolts
– or as specified by manufacturer TOC
63
Next Section
Falling Object Protection
All materials,
equipment, & tools
which are not in use
while aloft must be
secured against
accidental
displacement
64
Falling Object Protection
The controlling contractor must bar

other construction processes from
below steel erection unless overhead
protection for the employees below is
provided
TOC
65
Next Section
Fall Protection
•Must be in accordance
with WAC 296-155,
– Part C-1 &
– Part K
TOC
66
Next Section
Training
•Fall hazard training

•Special training in multiple lift
rigging procedure
TOC
67
End
• Photos courtesy of Pacific Northwest Ironworkers and
Employers Apprenticeship and Training Committee -86
• Very special thanks to Douglas Smith and Kevin
McGee
• And thanks also to Jerry Rowland, Corona Steel and
Ironworkers Local #86 68
Navigational Symbols Used in
this Presentation
• Return to the program, usually from “additional information”
• Definitions, more information, FAQs, etc
• Read the actual Standard on line
• Back to the Outline Next slide
70
links back to
this page
-703 - Site layout, site specific erection plan &

construction sequence
-704 - Hoisting & rigging
-706 - Structural steel assembly details
-707 - Column anchorage Each line
-708 - Beams & columns Hyperlinks to the
-709 - Open web steel joists module listed
-711 - Systems engineered metal buildings
-714 - Falling object protection
-716 - Fall protection
-717 - Training 71
Behind the scenes -
You get back
how things are and forth from
arranged: the Outline
Section
-703
Section
Outline -704
Section
-705
72
Links to other information
“Steel erection must be Clicking here or
done under the else on the “i”
will link you to
supervision of a the definition
competent person who
is present at the
worksite.”
73
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Navigation – Part II
The diagram of how things can be linked
Section Section –703 Other Web

-703 on the Web Page if you want
And another
Course Section Section –704 Web Page
List -704 on the Web
Section Section –705

-705 on the Web
75
Clicking here would Clicking here
hyperlink to the web
would return to
page the Presentation
76
Navigation – Part II
Section
-704
Section –704
on the Web
Outline
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back to the presentation
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Clicking here would
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New Rule for Steel

• Definitions, more information, FAQs, etc

• Read the actual Standard on line

• Back to the Outline Next slide

“Steel erection must be

Photo courtesy of National Ironworkers & Employers

Multistory structures have permanent

•When necessary, plumbing up

•Plumbing up equipment must

Hoisting, landing &

Photo courtesy of National Ironworkers & Employers

•Roof & floor holes and openings Must

•Covering roof and floor openings

Decking gaps around

Photo courtesy of National Ironworkers & Employers

ironworkers! Training and Journeyman Upgrading Fund. All rights reserved.

All columns must

Photo courtesy of National Ironworkers & Employers Apprenticeship

All columns must be

needed, it must be installed Apprenticeship Training and Journeyman Upgrading Fund.

Anchor rods/bolts must not be

Controlling contractor must provide

The load must not be released until

The load must not be released until members are

A competent person must determine if

When making connections

remain connected to the

Each column splice

Must extend a minimum

Must have holes

No bundle of decking may

Before releasing hoisting equipment:

The controlling contractor must bar

•Fall hazard training

• Definitions, more information, FAQs, etc

• Read the actual Standard on line

• Back to the Outline Next slide

-703 - Site layout, site specific erection plan &

Going to the Web to

This is how the program

What’s a “Back Arrow”?

Section Section –703 Other Web

Section Section –705

Another way of moving

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