POPULATION

By Abejuro, Atento, Esplana, Forteo, and Marbella

 Discuss the relationship between
population and economic welfare

Effects of aging and population

Different contrasting positions over

reproductive health
NLOCKING
OF TERMS
 POPULATION
number of people in a given territory
 DEMOGRAPHIC
qualities of a specific group of people

Population
Age
Density
Income Sex
Population
Distribution Education
 BIRTH RATE
Number of live births for
every 1,000 people each year

TOTAL NUMBER
OF BIRTHS

x 1000
TOTAL
POPULATION
 DEATH RATE
Number of deaths for every
1,000 people each year

TOTAL NUMBER
OF DEATHS

x 1000
TOTAL
POPULATION
 Discuss the relationship between
population and economic welfare

Effects of aging and population

Different contrasting positions over

reproductive health
 Causal relationship between
population and economic welfare

Population induced-
Independent economic
development

Economic
development-induced Two-way causality
population growth
 Independent
There is no causality between population and economic
development, which could be interpreted as an independent
relationship between population and economic growth

POPULATION ECONOMY
 Population induced-economic development

There is a unidirectional causality from population to economic

development, but not vice versa, which could be interpreted as
support for the existence of a “population-induced” output
expansion.

POPULATION ECONOMY
 Economic development-induced population growth

There is a unidirectional causality from economic development to

population growth, but not vice versa, which could be interpreted
as support for the existence of an “economic development-
induced” population growth.

POPULATION ECONOMY
 Two-way causality
There is a unidirectional causality from population to
economic growth, and vice versa, which could be
interpreted as a mutually reinforcing bilateral causality
between population and economic development.

POPULATION ECONOMY
 Causal relationship between
population and economic welfare

Population induced-
Independent economic
development

Economic
development-induced Two-way causality
population growth
 Discuss the relationship between
population and economic welfare

Effects of aging and population

Different contrasting positions over

reproductive health
Effects of
an Aging
Population
 Effects of an Aging Population

Increase in the dependency ratio

http://hkmb.hktdc.com/en/1X0A0NCR/hktdc-research/The-Philippine-Food-Market-How-Hong-Kong-Can-Best-Serve
 Effects of an Aging Population

Increase government spending on

health cares and pensions
 Effects of an Aging Population

Those in work may have to pay

higher taxes
 Effects of an Aging Population

Shortage of workers
 Effects of an Aging Population

Changing sectors within the

economy
 Effects of an Aging Population

Higher saving for pensions and

reduce capital investment
 Discuss the relationship between
population and economic welfare

Effects of aging and population

Different contrasting positions over

reproductive health
Reproductive Health
 Reproductive Health
practicality immorality

responsibility abortifacient

contraception
family planning
sex education
POPULATION
By Abejuro, Atento, Esplana, Forteo, and Marbella