CARDIOLOGY

BY SUSAN KELLY
AND
LISA KETCHEM
WHERE TO AUSCULTATE
HEART SOUNDS
SOME COMMON HEART SOUNDS

HTTPS://YOUTU.BE/DBWR2GZCMQM
Name that EKG strip
 IRREGULARLY IRREGULAR
VARIABLE VENTRICULAR RATE OF 110-160
QRS USUALLY < 120MS
CAUSES INCLUDE ISCHEMIA, HTN, HYPOKALEMIA, PE

ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
(LIFE IN THE FAST LANE, N.D.)
 PR INTERVAL >200MS
CAUSES INCLUDE HYPERKALEMIA, INFERIOR MI, AV NODULAR BLOCKING
AGENTS SUCH AS CCB, BB, DIGOXIN AND AMIODARONE

FIRST DEGREE HEART BLOCK

(LIFE IN THE FAST LANE, N.D.)

 PROGRESSIVELY PROLONGED PR INTERVAL
PR INTERVAL IS LONGEST BEFORE THE DROPPED BEAT
PR INTERVAL IS SHORTEST AFTER THE DROPPED BEAT
CAUSES INCLUDE INFERIOR MI, CCB, BB, DIG AND AMIODARONE
USUALLY A BENIGN RHYTHM

AV BLOCK: 2ND DEGREE, MOBITZ I

WENCKEBACH
(LIFE IN THE FAST LANE, N.D.)

(LIFE IN THE FAST LANE, N.D.)

INTERMITTENT NON CONDUCTED P WAVES WITHOUT PROLONGATION OF
PR INTERVAL
PR INTERVAL OF CONDUCTED BEATS IS CONSTANT
CAUSES INCLUDE ANTERIOR MI, SOME AUTOIMMUNE DISORDERS,
HYPERKALEMIA, CCB, BB, DIG AND AMIODARONE

AV BLOCK: 2ND
DEGREE, MOBITZ II (LIFE IN THE FAST LANE, N.D.)
ST DEPRESSION AT THE J POINT GREATER THAN OR EQUAL TO 0.5MM IN 2 OR MORE
ADJACENT LEADS
T WAVE INVERSION OF AT LEAST 1MM NOT PRESENT ON AN OLD EKG
T WAVE INVERSION ONLY SIGNIFICANT IN LEADS WITH UPRIGHT QRS COMPLEXES

MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA
(LIFE IN THE FAST LANE, N.D.)
 QRS >120MS
REPOLARIZATION IS REVERSED (FROM RIGHT VENTRICLE TO LEFT VENTRICLE)
NOTCHED AND MONOPHASIC
LEFT AXIS DEVIATION
CAUSES INCLUDE AORTIC STENOSIS, ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE, ANTERIOR MI, HYPERKALEMIA,
DIG TOXICITY, AND DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY

LEFT BUNDLE BRANCH BLOCK

(LIFE IN THE FAST LANE, N.D.)
 BROAD QRS >120MS
M SHAPED QRS WITH WIDE SLURRED S
DELAYED RIGHT VENTRICLE REPOLARIZATION
CAUSES INCLUDE RIGHT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY, PE, ISCHEMIC HEART
DISEASE, CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE

RIGHT BUNDLE
BRANCH BLOCK (LIFE IN THE FAST LANE, N.D.)
 TO LEARN MORE ABOUT
EKG INTERPRETATION GO
TO:
HTTPS://LIFEINTHEFASTLAN
E.COM/
 REFERENCES

• AUSCULTATION PICTURE. (N.D.). RETRIEVED FROM HTTPS://WWW.BING.COM/IMAGES/SEARCH?

VIEW=DETAILV2&CCID=S1D5KCR
%2B&ID=FD41861E0F4F66740945AAD7B755005AB53D5FC2&THID=OIP.24ELBPI8LKIZ9B6L4CP4VGHAGM&MEDIAURL=HT
TP%3A%2F%2FIMG2.TFD.COM%2FMK%2FH%2FX2604-H-
15.PNG&EXPH=335&EXPW=400&Q=WHERE+TO+AUSCULTATE+HEART+SOUNDS+IMAGES&SIMID=608020097113132890
&SELECTEDINDEX=15&AJAXHIST=0
• BURNS, E. (2017, MARCH 19). ECG LIBRARY. RETRIEVED FROM HTTPS://LIFEINTHEFASTLANE.COM/ECG-LIBRARY/
• HEART SOUNDS AND HEART MURMURS, ANIMATION. (N.D.) RETRIEVED FROM
HTTPS://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=DBWR2GZCMQM