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= SaρbΔV
Molar Rate
• Inserting all the terms, yields
MA = -r”A [acΔV + SaρbΔV]
• Combining both equation,
WARac = -r”A [ac + Saρb ]
• For most catalyst, internal surface area is
greater than external surface area, therefore
WARac = -r”A [Saρb ] (1)
• Recall that
MA = WAR x ac x ΔV = kc(CAB-CAS) ac x ΔV
Molar Rate
• Also recall that, internal effectiveness factor,
-r”A = -r”AS x η
= k1CAS x η
• Substitute the above term into Eq (1),
WARac = k1CASηSaρb (2)
• Equate Eq (2) with molar flux,
kcac (CAB-CAS) = k1CASηSaρb
Molar Rate
• Rearranging and solve for CAS,
CAS = (kcacCAB)/(kcac+ηk1Saρb)
• Recall that,
-r”A = k1CAS x η
= (η k1kcacCAB)/(kcac+ηk1Saρb)
• Divide by kcac,
= η (k1CAB)/(1+ηk1Saρb/ kcac)
Molar Rate
• Overall effectiveness factor, Ω is similar to
internal effectiveness factor, η but instead of
based on concentration of surface, CAS, it is
based on concentration of bulk, CAB.
Ω = actual overall rate/ rate that would result
if entire surface were exposed to bulk
concentration, CAB
• The relationship is given by
-r”A = Ω (-r”AB)= Ω k1CAB
Molar Rate
• Thus, the equation gives
Ω = (η)/ (1+ηk1Saρb/ kcac)
• Recall that, actual reaction rate is related by
-rA = -r’Aρb = -r”ASaρb
• For reaction rate at bulk concentration,
-rA = -rABΩ = -r’ABΩρb = -r”ASaρbΩ = k1CABSaρbΩ
Weisz-Prater Criterion for Internal Diffusion
• Weisz-Prater criterion is used to estimate if
internal diffusion is limiting the reaction
• Rearranging the equation,
η= 3
1 coth 1 1
2
1