JM610

Basic Power Electronic

Single phase rectifiers

Full controlled converters

• provide two output pulses during every input supply cycle and hence
are referred to as two pulse converters.
• Converts input waveform to one of constant polarity also mean
positive or negative value at its output.
• Full-wave rectification converts the negative and positive input
waveform to pulsating DC and produce a high output voltage.
• Four diodes in a bridge configuration and AC or 2 diodes and center
tapped transformer is need in. this system
Half controlled converters
• Only one either half of positive or negative AC wave to passed and the
another half is blocked.
• It cause the voltage is low because of half input waveform reaches the output
• It requires a single diode in single phase supply or three in a three phase
supply
Three phase full controller

• Fully controlled bridge controlled rectifier using six thyristors

connected in the form of a full wave bridge configuration.
• six thyristors are controlled switches which are turned on at a
appropriate times by applying suitable gate trigger signals.
• extensively used in industrial power applications up to about 120kW
output power level, where two quadrant operations is required.
Three phase half controlled converter

• same firing angle it has lower input side displacement factor compared to a
fully controlled converter
• extends the range of continuous conduction of the converter.
• The three phase controlled rectifiers provide a maximum dc output
• Used extensively in industrial applications up to about 15kW of output power.
• The output ripple frequency is equal to the twice the ac supply frequency.
Operation of dual converter

 The basic principle of operation of dual converter can be explained with

reference to the simplified equivalent diagram of the DC circuit shown in
Fig.4. In this simplified representation, assumption is made that the dual
converters are ideal and they produce pure DC output terminals. As shown in
fig.4, each two-quadrant converter is assumed to be a controllable direct
voltage source, connected in series with a diode. Diode D1 and D2 represent
the unidirectional current flow characteristics of the converters. The current
in load circuit can, however, flow in either direction.
 AC
AC current, the electrons actually have
the ability to reverse the pattern of
their flow and do so periodically
DC
The direct in direct current refers to
the face that electrons that are part of
the electrical charge only move in one
direction
Converter

AC to DC (rectifier)
• Physically, rectifiers take a number of forms, including vacuum tube diodes,
mercury-arc valves and so on
• often found serving as components of DC power supply and high voltage direct
current power transmission systems
• Rectification may serve in roles other than to generate direct current for use
as a source of power
DC to AC (inverter)
• input voltage, output voltage and frequency, and overall power handling
depend on the design of the specific device or circuitry.
• Inverter does not produce any power but the power is provided by the DC
source