Industrial Training

SSCU3905
SEM 3 2017/2018
Norazimah bt Abd Azis
A15SC0134
3SSCF – Physics Industry (Faculty of Science)
 Jabatan Khidmat Teknik

• Jabatan Khidmat Teknik

– Planning on Capex, 5 years planning and yearly budget on civil,
mechanical, and electrical engineering work.
– To make improvement on the mills, to make sure the mills are
operated in the best condition.
• Design
– To make evaluation on new technology and machinery in industry
• Operation
– Implementing and monitoring the work done by the contractor
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 Jabatan Khidmat Teknik

• Environment unit
– Implementation on any technology that can help mills to comply
with Environment Act.
• Inovation
– Implementing and practicing ‘Continuous improvement
programme’
• Document unit
– To organized the document involved in administration.

3
 Jabatan Khidmat Teknik

• Workshop unit
– To help the mills for immediate repairing task.
• Pressure Vessel unit
– Upgrading and maintaining the boiler, steam receiver and sterlizer

4
 Project Flow
Proposal
Work
and
Complete
Research

Gant
Budget
Chart

•Civil Eng On Site

•Mechanical Eng Project Approval
•Electrical Eng Management
Letter of
Acceptan-
ce

5
 Introduction

Fresh Fruit Bunch Empty Fruit Bunch

(FFB) (EFB)
Source from google

6
Introduction

Source from google

7
General Operation Flow in Palm Oil Mill
 Sterilizer

• FFB is directly heated by saturated steam in a pressurized

vessel
• Objectives
– To inactivate the enzyme that promote the formation of free fatty
acid
– To make the fruit loosens from the bunch easier
– Minimize water content
– To break the oil cell in mesocarp so that oil recovery is easier
 Conventional Sterilizer(Horizontal)

• The most commonly used sterilizer in palm

oil mills operated in single-peak, double-
peak or triple-peak cycles as batch process.
• Operated at a steam temperature of 143 °C and 4 bar abs
steam pressure in triple-peak cycles to achieve effective heat
treatment of the fruit bunches.
 Continuous Sterilizer

• Heating cabin subjected with steam at atmospheric pressure as a

continuous process
• Was introduced as an alternative to pressure vessels and batch
process of sterilization and offer advantage in terms of use of
unpressurised heating cabin and steady steam demand for the
sterilization process.
 Advantages of Continuous Sterilizer

• Steam demand remains constant, fluctuation minimized.

• Easily automated, less labour intensive.

• Eliminates the uses of sterilizer cages, rail tracks, overhead

cranes, tippers, transfer carriages and tractors.

• Minimizes the spillages of fruitlets and oil.

General Operation Flow in Palm Oil Mill
General Operation Flow in Palm Oil Mill
 Industrial Visit

• Went to POM Kechau B with Miss Asyikin (4 July -

K e c h a u B

week 4)
• Objective of visiting the mill is to meet and discuss with
contractor from Alfa Laval for the installation of sludge
separator and oil separa in the mill.

• Besides that, practical students from DOE and I were

briefed about the operation flow of the mill.
General Operation Flow in Palm Oil Mill
 Industrial Visit

• Went with Encik Syed and Khairi (18 July – week 6)

S e l e n d a n g

• Main objective is to monitor the progression on the

construction of new boiler.

• Encik Syed explained to us the overall operation of the

boiler (80% to completion)

• Report submitted.
Industrial Visit
Industrial Visit
 Boiler

• Used in palm oil mill to supply steam to turbine in order to

generate power.
• Fibre as fuel for the boiler.
• Most common types of boiler
– Fire-tube boiler
– Water-tube boiler
Boiler Diagram
 Boiler Diagram

Figure of water tube boiler (google)

 Main components

• Steam drum
Collection vessel for steam and water

Steam drum at Selendang POM Source from google

 Main components

• Steam Separation

Stage 1 and 4 (Separation gravity)

Stage 2
(separation Centrifugal Force)
Stage 3
(Separation Chevron Plate)
 Main components

• Mud Drum
 The impurities in the water will settle and this mud can collected
and be removed from the drum through periodic blowdown

Mud drum in selendang

 Main components

• Header

Front header Steam drum

downcomer
2 side headers

Rear header(mud drum downcomer)

 Boiler Diagram

Figure of water tube boiler (google)

• Thank you