Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Training Course
based on OHSAS 18001:2007
IRCA Course Registration A17438
Occupational Health and Safety
(OH&S)
Conditions and factors that affect, or could affect, the health and safety of employees or
other workers (including temporary workers and contractor personnel), visitors, or any
other person in the workplace
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OHSAS 18001:2007
Process Model
CONTINUAL
IMPROVEMENT
OH&S POLICY
MANAGEMENT
REVIEW
PLANNING
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Which OH&SMS Standard
• ILO - OSH:2001
• International Safety Rating System (ISRS7)
• OHSAS 18001:21007
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ILO-OSH:2001
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International Safety
Rating System – ISRS7
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OHSAS 18001/18002
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Purpose of the
OHSAS 18001:2007 Standard is
• To support and promote good OH&S practices, in balance with socio-economic needs
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OHSAS 18001:2007 Key Elements
• Management System
• Consultation and Communication
• Risk Assessment and OH&S Control Measures
• ILO - OHS Principles
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Why OH&SMS?
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OH&SMS Framework
Company GOALS
and TARGETS
BEEING
ACHIEVED
OH&S POLICY
BEEING
ACHIEVED
OH&S OBJECTIVES
BEEING
ACHIEVED
Departmental
OBJECTIVES
Key Performance
Indicators
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Understanding the Process Approach
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The PDCA Cycle
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High level Process Map
S I P O C
MODEL
S C
U U
P S
P T
PROCESS
L INPUTS OUTPUTS O
I M
E E
R R
S S
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SIPOC Example
Other
Interested parties Requirements Meeting Minutes OH&S Team
PROCESS STEPS
Review Select Risk Assessment Techniques, Risk Significant Hazard, Risk, Safety
preliminary data Methodology and Criteria Assessment Statement
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Applying the Process Approach based
on the Turtle Methodology
SATISFACTION
INPUT OUTPUT
Interested Party PROCESS
OH&S Performance
who has a need
How?
Instructions What Results?
Procedures Performance Indicator
Methods
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Operational Controls/Control Measures
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Emergency
Preparedness and Response
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Assessment and Management of OH&S
risks and significance for Auditors
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Common Risk Assessment Tools
• Checklists/Questionnaires
• Risk Matrices
• Ranking/Voting tables
• FMEA/HAZOP
• Exposure assessment Strategy
• Computer Modeling
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Evaluating Measures of
Performance of the OH&SMS
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Sources of Statutory and
Regulatory Requirements
• Internet
• Government Publications
• Chambers of Commerce/Industry
• Industry Representative Organizations
• Enforcement Agencies
• Legal Practices
• Consulting Organizations
• Academia
• Specialist Publishing Houses
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Models and Methodologies
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ISO Objectives - Documentation
• ISO requires (and always has required) a “Documented Occupational Health and
Safety Management System”, and not a “System of Documents”
• OHSAS 18001:2007 allows an organization flexibility in the way it chooses to
document its OH&SMS. This enables each individual organization to develop the
minimum amount of documentation needed in order to demonstrate the effective
development, implementation and updating of the OH&SMS, when necessary
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Typical OH&SMS
Documentation Hierarchy
Policy, Objectives
Organization,
Risk Assessment
Describes Processes
WHO? WHAT? WHEN? WHERE?
Describes HOW
TASKS and SPECIFIC ACTIVITIES are DONE
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Benefits of a documented OH&SMS
(1) _________________
(2) _________________
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Types of Conformity Assessments
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OHSAS 18001:2007
and Other Management Systems
ISO 20000
IT Service Management ISO 9000
Quality Management
ISO 18001:2007
Occupational Health &
Safety
ISO 22000
Food ISO 14001
Safety Environment
Management
PAS 99
Integrated Management
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Introduction and Scope of
ISO 19011:2002
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Principles of Auditing
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OH&SMS Audit Types
• Regulatory
• Process
• Performance
• Certification
• Supplier
• Due diligence
• Liability
• Combined
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Audit Types & Roles
INTERNAL EXTRNAL
Audit of one’s
1st Party own organization
Audit of a Supplier
2nd Party by a Customer
Audit by an
3rd Party Independent Body
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Personal Qualities of an Auditor
• Precise • Integrity
• Reasonable • Organized
• Objective • Not afraid of reporting the
• Fair facts
• Energetic • Astute and analytical
• Sensitive • Listener
• Supportive • Sensitive to local customs
PROFESSIONAL’S
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Psychometric Testing and their role in
identifying, selecting and developing Auditors
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Main activities
during the Planning Phase
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What is an Audit Plan?
ISO 19011:2002
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What is a Checklist?
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Main activities
during the Performance Phase
• Opening Meeting
• Gathering Evidence
• Writing Audit Finding Reports
• Collating and generating the Final Audit Report
• Preparing for the Closing/Exit Meeting
• Closing/Exit Meeting
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What is Evidence?
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Different methods of
gathering Evidence (On-site/Off-site)
• Observation
• Interviewing
• Data Analysis
• Document Review
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General Points on
Questioning Techniques
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Typical Questions
Information Verification
• How • Show me
• What
• When
• Where
• Who
• Why
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Observation
• People
• Product and service
• Processes
• Information systems
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Taking Notes
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Mental Notes
• Workload
• Employee behavior
• Management approach
• Organization
• Knowledge of business and applicable standards
• Reactions
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Sampling
• Sample frame/Sample
• Representative
• Random
• Reduced time and costs
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Importance of
Audit Team Performance
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Communication during the Audit
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Handling Difficult Situations
• Discrimination • Deception
• Hostility
• Obstruction
• Avoidance
• Usurping Control
• Finger Pointing
• Flattery
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What is a Nonconformity?
• The absence of, or the failure to implement and maintain, one or more safety
management system requirements, or a situation which would, on the basis of
available objective evidence, raise significant doubt as to the safety of the work
environment within the organization
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Audit Finding Definitions
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Audit Finding Definitions
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Key Elements of a Nonconformity
• Nonconformity Statement - what is wrong, namely test, sample frame, sample and
test result
• Supporting evidence, namely objective evidence supporting the nonconformity
statement
• Record of the Requirement, namely OHSAS 18001 criteria or clause
• Audit Finding Risk Classification, namely major, minor
• Reference Number, Area Under Review, Auditor Identification, Auditee Representative
Signature, Date etc.
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A Summary Audit Report is
• A summary or record of the outcome of an audit, in line with the agreed audit
objectives, scope and criteria
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Contents of a
Summary Audit Report
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Summary Audit Report Approval
• The Auditor/Lead Auditor should sign and date the summary audit report signifying
the audit objectives have been met and the fact the report is accurate and complete
• The Top Manager or Management Representative should sign and date the
summary audit report to signify agreement with and commitment to act on the findings
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Summary Audit Report
Distribution, Timing & Retention
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Activities to be covered
during the Final Team Meeting
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Process for
Collating the Audit Findings
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If the Client does not conform
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Risks associated
with Offers of Advice
• Ownership
• Possible confusion in roles
• Legal and financial
• Therefore, never give advice in an external audit.
• There is greater scope to give advice in an internal audit, however the risks albeit small
still exist
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Audit Follow-up,
why is it important ?
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Evaluating CAPA Proposals?
• The Lead Auditor or assigned Auditor technically assesses the proposed corrective
and preventative action and root cause analysis data
• Ideally the Auditor/Lead Auditor who raised the audit finding should verify and validate
closure of any nonconformities raised
• CAPA proposals should be received and reviewed within 10 calendar days or sooner
and verified + validated and closed out within 12 weeks, unless a variation is granted
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Methods for
Closing Out Corrective Actions
• Off-site
– Documentation review
– Interview (Web conference/Online Meetings)
• On-Site Re-audit
– Partial
– Full
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Purpose of a Closing/Exit Meeting
• To verbally present the audit team’s findings and conclusions in such a manner that
they are understood and acknowledged by the client, and to agree, if appropriate, on
the time period for the auditee to present a corrective action plan
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Who attends
the Closing/Exit Meeting?
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Contributions
during the Closing/Exit Meeting
• The Lead Auditor should always lead and manage the presentation and deliver the
audit report executive summary
• The Lead Auditor may request individual auditors to clarify individual nonconformities,
if required
• The Lead Auditor should assign an audit team member to take minutes of the meeting
and record attendance
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A Typical
Closing/Exit Meeting Agenda
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