Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
dr.Sarniwaty Kamissy,Sp.PD
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Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
• Characterized by absolute insulin
deficiency
• Pathophysiology and etiology
– Result of pancreatic beta cell destruction
• Prone to ketosis
– Total deficit of circulating insulin
– Autoimmune
– Idiopathic
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Type 1 Diabetes
Inflammation
– Usually leading to
absolute
T cell
insulin deficiency
Autoimmune Reaction
• Immune mediated Macrophage
TNFa Class I
Class II MHC
• Idiopathic MHC
IL-1
Beta cell
NO CD8+ T cell
Dendritic cell
Beta cell Destruction
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Autoantibodies to insulin, IAA; GAD, GADA; islet antigen-2, IA-2A; zinc transporter 8, ZnT8A.
Long AE, et al. Diabetes. 2012;61:683-686.
Etiological Approach to Diabetes
Type Characterization
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Consequences of Insulin
Deficiency
• Hyperglycemia osmotic diuresis and
dehydration
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Major Metabolic Effects of Insulin and
Consequences of Insulin Deficiency
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