ELECTRIC CARS

Brayanne Alexis Ceballos Rivera

Maria Alejandra Plazas Vasquez
Electrochemical methods of analysis
Teacher: Juan David Gonzalez Calderon
 WHAT IS IT?
1

An electric car is a vehicle driven by one or more electric motors that uses electrical energy stored in
rechargeable batteries and transforms it into kinetics. Unlike internal combustion vehicles, which operate
by burning fuel, an electric car gets traction from electric motors.

This energy is stored in rechargeable systems, batteries, which then consume the energy stored during its
displacement. The motor of an electric car can be either alternating current or direct current.
COMPONENTS
2
SOME EXAMPLES OF ELECTRIC CARS
TESLA MODEL S
3
BMW I8
4
JAGUAR I-PACE
5
FUEL CAR
6
7
VS
8
HYBRID CAR
9
SOME EXAMPLES OF HYBRID CARS
FISKER KARMA
10
TOYOTA C-HR
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 BASIC CHARACTERISTICS
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• Energy density: amount of energy that is able to store a battery in relation to its weight. It is
the most important parameter when we talk about driving a vehicle because it is the one that
most influences autonomy and benefits. It is expressed in Wh / kg (Watts-hour per
kilogram).
• Specific power: power that can provide every Kg of battery weight. It is expressed in W /
kg.
• Charge / discharge efficiency: is the ratio between the energy introduced during the recharge
and the one actually delivered.
• Life cycles: rechargeable batteries usually lose capacity gradually with the number of
recharges.
• Recharging speed: time required to charge the battery. The recharge time up to 80% capacity
is more representative and practical.
HOW IT WORKS?
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HOW IT WORKS?
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HOW IT WORKS?
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 HOW IT WORKS?
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Li+ + e- + nC  LiCn LiCoO2CoO2 + Li+ + e-

KINDS OF BATTERIES
 LEAD AND ACID BATTERIES
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• They are composed of a liquid electrolyte of sulfuric acid and lead plates forming the anode
and the cathode. This type of battery was the most common for traction of electric vehicles,
given its robustness, great offer in the market and low price. But they required revision and
periodic replenishment of the electrolyte level, which evaporates during recharging. In
addition, they have a significant environmental impact if they are not recycled, and a fairly
short life, needing replacement every 3 years or so.
• It is a technology clearly exceeded today and inadequate for the development of the electric
vehicle mainly because of its low energy density and poor efficiency which is usually 70-
75%.
 BATTERIES NI-MH
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• It uses an anode of nickel oxyhydroxide (NiOOH) and a cathode of a metal hydride alloy,
hence its name. Its energy density reaches up to 100 Wh / kg, far exceeding that of lead.
This type of batteries shows a very high longevity, being its suitable use for hybrid cars,
although they have against a low efficiency, of 60-70%, and a low performance at low
temperature. For 100% electric cars it is not used today.
 LITHIUM ION BATTERIES
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• It is the most widespread type of battery when looking for minimum weight and volume, so
it is used in laptops, tablets, mobile phones as well as in most current electric cars.

• The typical chemical scheme is lithium ion electrolyte, graphite anode and cathode of cobalt
oxide, trifiline or manganese oxide, which is capable of forming batteries with a very high
power and energy density of more than 250 Wh / kg in the latest research, although electric
vehicles use lower density versions in exchange for low flammability, quick recharge,
greater durability and greater respect for the environment. Likewise, the efficiency of the
discharge charge is a respectable 80-90%.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY

https://m.xataka.com/automovil/esto-sera-lo-proximo-en-baterias-para-coches-electricos-mas-de-
650-km-de-autonomia-real/amp

http://electromovilidad.net/tipos-de-bateria-para-coche-electrico/

https://corrienteelectrica.renault.es/tipos-de-bateria-para-coche-electrico/

http://www.peugeot.es/que-es-un-coche-electrico.html

https://www.xataka.com/automovil/los-13-coches-electricos-con-mas-autonomia-del-mercado-en-
2018

https://sciencing.com/types-combustion-8655543.html