Magnet Lorenz Force

magnetic field
around a Electromagnetic
magnet induction

Magnetic field
around a current-
carrying Technology
conductor of magnet
electricity

Strong
Electromagnetic
Field Video about
(Induction electrodynamics
Magnet)
• Magnets or magnetism is the ability of an
object to draw other objects in the
surrounding areas.
 objects are easily
made but did not
keep the old Magnetic objects
Magnetic objects magnetic
soft instead of
(Ferromagnetic) properties to its
magnetic (non-magnetic)
magnet
Definition

Magnetic objects are

objects that can be
drawn by the magnet
is strong enough Paramagnet Diamagnetik Hard Magnet

Example: iron, steel, objects that can be objects that can

nickel, cobalt. a bit drawn by a not be drawn by a
powerful magnet. powerful magnet.
 Magnetic field around a magnet
Electrodynamics: The Study of Electromagnetic
Interaction. Magnetic field is the space around a magnet
that still affected the magnetic force. Such as the electric
force, we assume that the magnetic force moved by
something, ie moving magnetic.Charge field produces a
magnetic field and the next field, providing a force on other
moving charges.

Because the moving charge produces an electric

current, the magnetic interactions can also be regarded as an
interaction between two currents. And strong magnetic field
direction can also be expressed by lines of magnetic force.
Number of lines of force per unit cross-section is a measure
of magnetic field strength.
• Properties of magnetic lines of force are:

• 1.Magnetic lines forces out of the north pole and

into its South pole
• 2.Magnetic lines force never intersect,
• 3. Places that have lines of magnetic force that
meeting, showed strong magnetic field.
 Magnetic Field Around Power Lines

In 1820, a national Danish scientist, Hans Christian

Oersted (1777-1851) discovered that there are
deviations in the compass needle when used close to
electrical current carrying wire. This shows, the
current in a wire can produce magnetic effects.

Figure 1. Deviations
compass needle near
electrical current carrying
wire.
 Strong Electromagnetic
Field(Magnetic Induction)

• Magnetism of a material by an external

magnetic field is called induction. Magnetic
induction is often defined as the onset of the
magnetic field due to electric current flowing
in a conductor. Oersted discovered that an
electric current produces a magnetic field.
 1. Induction Magnet Around
Conductor Straight
•Based on the mathematical formulation of
the Biot-Savart by the magnitude of the
magnetic field strength around the electric
current carrying wire formulated with:

B = magnetic field strength (Wb/m2 = tesla)

a = distance of the point of the conductor (m)
I = strong electric current (A)
μ0 = permeability of vacuum
 2. Magnetic induction Brought
circular conductors have current
• A wire in the form of a circle with radius a
and electrified I, shown in Figure:
• a. Large magnetic induction

b. Large induction in the center of the

circle
3. Magnetic Induction on Axis Solenoid
• Defined as a solenoid coil of wire whose
diameter is very small compared to its length.
When electrified, it will be a magnet coil
power.
• a. Magnetic induction in the center of the
solenoid
Magnetic field
in the
solenoid.

• b. Magnetic induction at the end of

the solenoid
 4. Magnetic induction on axis toroidal
• Length of the curved solenoid so called
circular toroidal, as shown in Figure
• Magnetic induction remain in the toroid, and
the amount can be determined by using the
following equation:
 Lorenz force
• An electrically charged particle moving in a uniform
magnetic field region will get a style. This style is also
called the Lorentz force.

• Direction of the Lorentz force on moving charges can

also be determined by the rules of the left hand
• Thumb = the direction of the Lorentz force
• Index finger = the direction of the magnetic field
• Middle finger = the direction of the electric current
 The Lorentz force equation can be
written:
• FL = I . ℓ x B
• FL = I . ℓ . B sin θ ; I=q/t
• FL = q/t . ℓ . B sin θ

FL = q . ℓ/t . B sin θ ; Because ℓ/t =

v
FL = q . v . B sin θ
FL = q . v x B
 Electric effect Magnet effect

Electromagnetic
Induction

GGL induction

Transformer

Energy
Step Up Step down

Ideal Not Ideal

 The relationship between the magnetic field
lines with GGL Induction

• Faraday in 1831 managed to generate electrical

current using a magnetic field. The tools used in
the experiment is Faraday coil or coil wire ends
connected with the galvanometer.
• Faraday experiment to determine the electrical
current using a magnetic field and Faraday uses
the concept of magnetic lines of force.

• 1. Brought closer to the magnet coil style

surrounding the coil to be increased much, so that
on both ends of the coil arise electromotive force
(GGL).

• 2. Magnetic coil then kept on the line style coil

surrounding a reduced, both ends of the coil also
arises GGL.
• 3. Stationary magnet to the coil, the number of
lines of magnetic force that surrounds the coil
fixed, so no GGL.

• The onset of the electrical force (GGL) to the coil

just in case of changes in the amount of magnetic
force lines.

• Electromotive force arising from the change in

the number of lines of magnetic force called GGL
induction,

• while the current flowing is called induced

current and the event is called electromagnetic
induction. Video
 TRANSFORMER
• Transformer is a device used to raise or lower
the ac voltage

• Transformer has two terminals, the input

terminal and the output terminal. Input terminals
located on the primary coil. Output terminals are
on the secondary coil. Voltage that will be
changed is coupled to the input.
 Kinds Of Transformer
TRAFO STEP UP TRAFO STEP DOWN

Primary winding number less than the Number of primary winding is more than
number of secondary windings. the number of secondary windings

primary voltage is smaller than the Primary voltage is greater than the
secondary voltage. secondary voltage,

Strong primary current is greater than the Strong primary current is smaller than the
secondary current strength. strong secondary flows.
 Ideal transformer
• The voltage and current of the transformer
depends on the number of windings. Large
voltage is proportional to the number of
windings. The more the number of windings
voltage generated greater.

• This applies to primary and secondary windings.

The relationship between the number of primary
and secondary windings with the primary voltage
and secondary voltage is formulated
 Ideal transformer
• Said transformer is ideal if no energy is lost to
heat, that is, when the amount of energy
entering the primary coil with the same
amount of energy out in the secondary coil.
 Magnets can be found and used in
everyday life

Needle of the compass is a Refrigerator door has a permanent

permanent magnet. magnet to keep it closed.
ATM cards and credit cards Magnetic recording media: VHS Tape ordinary
have a track magnet that magnetic tape containing class. Information
contains the information. that produces video and sound is encoded on
the magnetic coating on the tape.
• TVs and computer monitors to
generate images using
electromagnetic.

• Microphone and speakers using a

combination of permanent
magnets and electromagnetic.

• Compact audio cassette

containing magnets to produce
audio.
 Magnet technology for agriculture

• "The magnetic technology could improve

Agricultural output to 40 percent,“ Tkachenko
method introduced in the form of pipes of
various sizes Were plated magnet on the
inside. Pipe is then mounted on Flow of water
to be used for watering plants.
 Magnet technology for health
• Magnetic resonance imaging, or MRI.
MRI technology utilizes a powerful
magnetic field to visualize the structure
and function of the human body.

• MRI to evaluate three-dimensional body,

allowing a more thorough evaluation and
study of the body. This system is used a lot
in the field of oncology or cancer
diagnosis.
 Magnet Roda in Train Maglev
• Type of maglev train was a modern train that
moves not use the wheel, but using magnets.
Maglev trains float above the rails move
made ​out of magnets. Hence the so-called
maglev trains, magnetic levitation acronym
meaning floating on magnets.