NATIONALISM

Origins and development

of nationalism

Nationalism:

• was born as an ideology during the French Revolution (1789).

• redrew the map of Europe in the nineteenth century as states
became unified.
• came to stand for order, social cohesion and stability.
• promoted colonial expansion, and subsequently destroyed it.
 Principles of nationalism

Nationalism principally values:

• The nation
• Organic community
• Self determination
• Culturalism

Nationalism manifests in several different forms, including:

• Cultural nationalism: the nation is a distinctive civilization

• Political nationalism: less ideological, the belief that the nation is the
proper unit of government
• Ethnic nationalism: the belief in and desire to preserve the ethnic
distinctiveness of nation members
 Nationalism and politics

• Political nationalism is highly contradictory and ambiguous,

for example inspiring liberation and oppression.

• Nationalism has been rational and irrational, and both

appealed to principled beliefs, and been bred from ancient
fears.
 Nationalism and politics

• Liberal nationalism
• Conservative nationalism
• Expansionist nationalism
• Anti-colonial and postcolonial nationalism
 Nationalism in a global age

• Globalism has posed many challenges for nationalism.

• Global interconnectedness has reconfigured our sense of
political community.
• Globalization has brought about increased migration, and
multiculturalism.
• The growth of transnational communities has challenged the
nation-state ideal.