ARGUMENTATIVE

ESSAY
 BODY OF ESSAY

 INTRODUCTION
 BODY / CONTENT
 CONCLUSION
 INTRODUCTION
 Introducing the topic that will be argued
 State/ give short opinion about the reason
why the topic should be argued. Tell the
readers about what important things of the
topic
 State your position (support or un-support
the issue), based on reasons that will be
explained in the body of the essay or
argument.
Some countries are serious about solving traffic
problems, they should tax private cars very heavily
and use the money to provide free or very cheap rail
travel.
 Introduction 1
 Many nations are facing massive traffic congestion
in their cities. This both makes travel difficult and
cause environmental damage. In order to solve this
problem it is necessary to establish alternative
transportation systems such as railways. In my
opinion the best way to finance the development of
public transport is to tax car drivers.
Some countries are serious about solving traffict
problems, they should tax private cars very heavily
and use the money to provide free or very cheap rail
travel.
 Introduction 2
 Motor cars were invented at the end of the last century and have
developed greatly over the last 100 years. In many countries
families have two cars and sometimes even three. As there are so
many cars on the road there are often traffict jams on major
roads. It can take many hours to complete a short journeynat
peak times in some major cities. Many attemps have been made
to solve the problems of bad traffict. These include limiting the
times car are allowed to drive in certain areas and making cars
carry a certain number of passengers. These schemes have met
with varying degrees of success.
Some countries are serious about solving traffict
problems, they should tax private cars very heavily
and use the money to provide free or very cheap rail
travel.

 Introduction 3
 Many people say that if countries are serious about
solving traffic problems, they should tax private
cars very heavily and use the money to provide
free rail travel
 BODY/CONTENT
THE ARGUMENT
 Give reasons that support your position
(agree/disagree).
 Explain the reasons one by one.
 Discuss any objections or other possible
opinions which might be different to
your opinion
Too much education is dangerous. If people receive more
education than they need to function in their job, it only
breeds dissatisfaction

FOR
 Gives people unreal
expectations
 Expensive
 Not enough challenging jobs
to meet people’s
expectations
 Students a major cause of
distruption, reject authority
AGAINST
 How do you decide the level
of education a person
needs?
 High level human resources
necessary for development
 Uneducated people unable
to show initiative
 People have the right to
attain self-fulfiment
Body/ the argument based on the plan

Some people may say that education gives people unrealistic

ambitions; the law of the market place decrees that not every one
can be a managing directors. In fact for every boss there must be
many more employees, so some countries believe there is very
little point in training people for a level of job that they can never
hope to achieve. What is more, education is expensive. Therefore
over-education is waste of time and money. Another argument
against education would be that students tend to be disruptive
influence in society. Once you encourage people to think for
themselves, it is difficult to control what they are thinking. It is
hardly surprising that students are often found at forefront of
radical organizations.
Body/ the argument cont….
 In spite of the problems of over-education, most countries need a
high standard of human resources in order to compete in the world
market. Constantly changing technology means that the work-force
has to be flexible and receptive to new ideas in order to be of value
to employers. When a person is only trained to perform one job, it is
not realistic to expect him or her to adapt to a change in
circumstances or an unexpected problem. All this is not to mention
the moral questions involved in limiting education. Who has the
right to say how much education a person entitled to? What criteria
could be used to decide a level of schooling?
 It may be true that a greater level education tends to make people
more radical. However, if society is not going to become static, it
must be prepared to accept new ideas. Therefore the degree of
radicalism caused by a high level of education can only serve to
make the country more adaptable aaaaand better able to whitstand
social change in the long run.
Some countries are serious about solving traffict problems,
they should tax private cars very heavily and use the money
to provide free or very cheap rail travel.

FOR
 Encourage people to use
public transport
 Reduce the number of cars
on the road
 Cut down on traffic jams
and pollution
 Save fossil fuels
 Ore money to develop
infrastructure
AGAINST
 Not door to door service like
cars
 People like owning cars as a
symbol of prestige
 Increased taxes are always
unpopular
 Cheap railways would lose
money and state subsidies.
 CONCLUSION

 Summing up
 State important reasons that support
your position/ opinion about the topic
being discussed
 Give suggestions on the related topic
 Some countries are serious about solving traffic problems,
they should tax private cars very heavily and use the money
to provide free or very cheap rail travel.

 CONCLUSION
 In order to solve the traffic congestion and
environmental damage it is necessary for a country
to establish alternative transportation systems such
as railways. However, the money used to build the
infrastructure should not be gathered from the high
tax of private cars.
Example of argumentative essay
 TOPIC:
 Some students in The US work while they are
earning their degrees in college; others receive
support from their families. How should a
student’s education be supported? Argue both
sides of the issue and defend your position.
 Introduction
HOW SHOULD A STUDENT’S EDUCATION BE
SUPPORTED?

Some students in the United States work while

they are earning their degrees; others received
support from their families. Both approaches
have advantages and disadvantages. In this
essay, I will name some of the advantages of
each approach, and I will argue in favor family
support.
 BODY
 In society where independence and individual
accomplishment are value, a student who
earned his degree by working would be greatly
admired. Friends would praise him for his
initiative and perseverance. Future employers
might be impressed by his work record. He
might derive greater satisfaction from his
personal investment on it.
 On the other hand, in a society where cooperation and
family dependence are value, a student who received
support would be better understood. Friends would
praise him for his effort on behalf of his family.
Future employers would not expect a work record
from a student. He might feel greater responsibility
toward others in his family because the
accomplishment was shared. Thus not one but every
family member would be assured some opportunity
or benefit.
 I or my part, I must argue in favor of family
support. While I study at an American
University, my older brother will send me
money every month. When I finish my degree
and find a job, I will send my younger sister to
a school or university. It may not be a better
way, but it is the way that my society rewards.
 CONCLUSION
 To sum up, I would like to suggest that both
approaches have their own advantages. Students’
earning the degree by themselves is good, but
receiving support from family is not worse at all.
However, society’s value should also be considered.
As student, when you receive money from family to
earn your degree, it doesn’t mean that you don’t need
to reach a good result of study. You have to work
harder than those who earn their degree by working.
 FOR YOUR ASSIGNMENT
Online education is becoming more popular, and many
traditional universities now offer online degree courses. In the
future students will study online at home rather than at
university.

To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?

you should support your idea, knowledge and experience
to support your argument with examples and relevant
evidence.