Objectives of project:

To study the long-term evolution (LTE) Network:

• What is LTE?
• LTE Network Architecture
• OFDM

To Evaluate performance LTE Network:

• Problem of LTE
• Main Parameters
• Computer model
• Results

Conclusions.
Recommendations.
What is LTE?

LTE an abbreviation for Long-Term Evolution, commonly

marketed as 4G LTE, is a standard for wireless
communication of high-speed data for mobile phones and
data terminals. It is based on the GSM/EDGE UMTS/HSPA
network technologies, increasing the capacity and speed
using a different radio interface together with core network
improvements.
LTE Network Architecture:

1. Evolved Packet Core (EPC).

• Mobility Management Entity (MME)
• Serving Gateway (S-GW)
• Packet Data Network Gateway (P-GW)
• Policy and Charging Resource Function (PCRF)
• Home Subscription Server (HSS)

2. Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN).

3. User Equipment (UE).
4. Services Domain.
OFDM:

OFDM is a form of multicarrier modulation. An OFDM signal consists of a

number of closely spaced modulated carriers. When modulation of any form
voice, data, etc. is applied to a carrier, then sidebands spread out either side. It
is necessary for a receiver to be able to receive the whole signal to be able to
successfully demodulate the data.
Cyclic prefix in OFDM:
The cyclic prefix acts as a buffer region or guard interval to protect the OFDM
signals from intersymbol interference.
Evaluate performance LTE Network:

Problem of LTE:
LTE operates with High capacity and long distance. these specifications are in uplink &
downlink. With the great distance the Quality is higher, feeding and noise. when the
users are great gets multiple access interference.
Evaluate performance LTE Network:
Main Parameters:
1. Fading:
Refers to the time variation of received signal power caused by changes in transmission
medium or path.
• Flat fading:
This form of multipath fading affects all the frequencies across a given channel, is
experienced, the signal will just change in amplitude, rising and falling over a period
of time, or with movement from one position to another.
• Selective fading:
occurs when the multipath fading affects different frequencies across the channel to
different degrees.
Evaluate performance LTE Network:

2. SNR-- Signal to Noise Ratio:

Signal-to-noise ratio is defined as the power ratio between a signal (meaningful
information) and the background noise (unwanted signal).
3. BER -- Bit Error Rate:
Bit error occurs when one or more bits of data travelling across a network fail to reach
their destination. Finite number of bits collectively forms a packet.
Bit Error probability is also affected by Signal-to-noise ratio and distance between the
transmitter and receiver.
BER= No of bits error / No of bits generate
Computer model:
Evaluate performance LTE Network:
Result:
Evaluate performance LTE Network:
Evaluate performance LTE Network:
Evaluate performance LTE Network:
Results Discussion:
From the results obtained we observe that:

 As signal to noise increase the bit error rate decrease.

 As the Bandwidth increase the bit error rate increase.
 AS the cyclic prefix increases the bit error rate decrease.
 When there is selective fading the bit error rate decrease more than it’s either no fading or
selective fading.
Conclusions:
The study shows evaluation and design software program to simulate the performance
evolution of LTE network the result has been done using matlab software program.
The parameter which were taken into consideration of the ovation Where: SNR, simulation time,
cyclic prefix, bits error rate and number of bit by changing deferent number of CH\BW.
After the conclusion of the simulation the result where obtained in tables and graph at the
results observed at the result discussions.
-Whenever Increased of Cyclic prefix, the BER where decreased.
-Whenever Increased of SNR, the BER where decreased.
-Whenever Increased of B.W, the BER where Increased.
Recommendations:
The primary focus and reason for needing an upgraded network is to support the
growing number of devices that demand internet access, many of them requiring
so much bandwidth in order to function normally that 4G Can’t support, so
recommend an increase in bandwidth and use different kinds of antennas, operate
on different radio spectrum frequencies, connect many more devices to the
internet, minimize delays, and deliver ultra-fast speeds.