Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
History
Top 100
What every student should know
to pass a final exam.
1
The Great West (1860-1896)
• The learner will evaluate the great
westward movement and assess the
impact of the agricultural revolution on the
nation.
2
Motivation for Westward Movement
• Government • Private Property
Incentives • Miners-49ers
• Pacific Railway Acts • Cattle ranchers
• Morrill Land-Grant Act • Farmers
• Homestead Act
3
Challenges of Westward Movement
• Lack of resources; wood and water
• Severe weather, bugs, floods, prairie fires,
dust storms, drought
• Conflicts with Native Americans
4
Improvements in Agriculture
• Mechanized reaper – reduced labor force
• Steel plow – cut through dense sod
• Barbed wire – end of open range
• Windmills – powers irrigation systems
5
Transcontinental Railroad, 1869
• Connect east and west
6
Dawes Act, 1887
• It tried to dissolve
Indian tribes by giving
land to individuals
• Assimilation policy
7
Helen Hunt Jackson
• A muckraker whose book
exposed the unjust
manner in which the U.S.
government had treated
the Indians. Protested
the Dawes Severalty Act.
8
Cross of Gold Speech, 1896
• William Jennings
Bryan
• said people must not
be "crucified on a
cross of gold“
• referring to the
Republican proposal
to eliminate silver
coinage and adopt a
strict gold standard. 9
Becoming an Industrial Society
(1877-1900)
• The learner will describe innovations in
technology and business practices and
assess their impact on economic, political,
and social life in America.
10
Influence of Big Business
• Business control over
government
11
Laissez-faire
• A theory that the economy does better
without government intervention in
business.
12
Credit Mobilier Scandal, 1872
• Union Pacific received a government
contract to build the transcontinental
railroad
• It "hired" Credit Mobilier to do the
actual construction, charging nearly
twice the actual cost of the project.
• The scheme was discovered and the
company tried to bribe Congress
with gifts of stock to stop the
investigation.
• This was the biggest bribery scandal
in U.S. history, and led to greater
public awareness of government
corruption. 13
Jane Addams’ Hull House, 1889
• worked to improve the lives of the working
class.
• founded Hull House in Chicago, the first
private social welfare agency in the U.S.
• Assisted the poor, combat juvenile
delinquency and help immigrants learn to
speak English.
14
Social Darwinism
• Applied Darwin's
theory of natural
selection and "survival
of the fittest" to human
society -- the poor are
poor because they are
not as fit to survive.
• Used as an argument
against social reforms
to help the poor.
15
Gospel of Wealth, 1889
• Andrew Carnegie was
an American millionaire
and philanthropist who
donated large sums of
money for public works.
• His book argued that
the wealthy have an
obligation to give
something back to
society.
16
Labor Practices
• Collective Bargaining - Discussions held
between workers and their employers over
wages, hours, and conditions.
• Labor Unions – organization of workers
• Strikes – refusal to perform work until
demands are met.
17
Labor Unions
• Knights of Labor • American
• noted as the first Federation of Labor
union of all workers. • 1886
• 869. • It is a federation of
different unions.
18
Thomas Nast
• Newspaper cartoonist
who produced satirical
cartoons,
• invented "Uncle Sam"
and came up with the
elephant and the donkey
for the political parties.
He nearly brought down
Boss Tweed.
19
Jacob Riis
• Early 1900's writer who exposed social
and political evils in the U.S. Muckraker
novel.
20
The emergence of the United States in
World Affairs (1890-1914)
• The learner will analyze causes and
effects of the United States emergence as
a world power.
21
Alfred Mahan
• In order to protect overseas investments
America built the "great white fleet" that
had been requested by Captain Alfred
Thayer Mahan.
22
Josiah Strong
• One of the leading
proponents of imperialism
was Minister Josiah Strong.
• it was our destiny to acquire
new lands.
• idea sounds a lot like
Manifest Destiny because it
is the same idea.
23
Seward’s Folly, 1867
• Seward was the energetic supporter of the
Alaskan purchase and negotiator of the
deal
• often called "Seward's Folly" because
Alaska was seen as not fit for settlement
or farming.
24
Annexation of Hawaii, 1898
• In July 1898, Congress
made Hawaii a U.S.
territory, for the use of
the islands as naval
ports.
• American businessmen
arranged the removal of
the queen from power
25
Causes of Spanish-American War,
1898
• An explosion crippled the warship Maine.
• The U.S. blamed Spain for the incident
and used it as an excuse to go to war with
Spain.
• Yellow Journalism
– Pulitzer
– Hearst
26
Open Door Policy, 1899
• assurance that other nations
would respect the principle of
equal trade opportunities in
the China market.
27
Roosevelt Corollary, 1904
• U.S. would act as international policemen.
An addition to the Monroe Doctrine.
28
The Progressive Movement (1890-1914)