OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION

EVOLUTION OF THE HR SYMBOL

ARTICLE 21, UDHR-Right to Democracy

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OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION

EVOLUTION OF THE HR SYMBOL

ARTICLE 21, UDHR-Right to Democracy

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THE EVOLUTION OF THE HR SYMBOL

UNITED NATIONS LOGO

Oliver Lincoln Lundquist (1945), adopted Dec 7, 1946

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THE EVOLUTION OF THE HR SYMBOL

GLOBALLY RECOGNIZED SYMBOLS

1 2

3 5
THE EVOLUTION OF THE HR SYMBOL

IF LOVE.... PEACE...

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THE EVOLUTION OF THE HR SYMBOL

WHY NOT HUMAN RIGHTS?

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THE EVOLUTION OF THE HR SYMBOL

The COMPETITION

• 2010, "Logo for Human Rights“ , an

international non-profit organization
• Online competition
• The initiative is supported by a jury of
renowned and high-ranking personalities, who
have worked to further the cause of human
rights.
• 03 May 2011

GOAL: Create an internationally recognized logo to

support the global human rights movement 8
THE EVOLUTION OF THE HR SYMBOL

The JURISTS
1. Ai Weiwei (artist and human rights activist)
2. Angelina Acheng Atyam (winner of the United Nations Human Rights Award)
3. Jimmy Carter (Nobel Peace Prize laureate)
4. Aung San Suu Kyi (Nobel Peace Prize laureate)
5. Waris Dirie (model and human rights activist)
6. Shirin Edabi (Nobel Peace Prize laureate)
7. Roland Emmerich (film director and producer)
8. Guillermo Fariñas (human rights activist)
9. Carolyn Gomes (human rights activist)
10. Michail Gorbachev (Nobel Peace Prize laureate)
11. Mukhtar Mai (human rights activist)
12. Somaly Mam (human rights activist)
13. Juanes (singer and peace activist)
14. Navanethem Pillay (UN High Commissioner for Human Rights)
15. Paikiasothy Saravanamuttu (winner ,2010 Citizens Peace Award , Sri Lanka)
16. Jimmy Wales (co-founder of Wikipedia)
17. George Yong-Boon Yeo (former Singaporean Minister for Foreign Affairs)
18. Muhammad Yunus (Nobel Peace Prize laureate)
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THE EVOLUTION OF THE HR SYMBOL

The ENTRIES

15, 300 Entries/190 Countries/100/18/10.

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THE EVOLUTION OF THE HR SYMBOL

The DESIGN TREND

The winning symbol is an image with powerful and
instant legibility to people of all backgrounds, ages,
and nationalities.

• symbolic power
• distinctiveness
• clarity
• universal applicability

On September 23 , 2011....

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THE EVOLUTION OF THE HR SYMBOL

The WINNING DESIGN

FREE AS A MAN 12
THE EVOLUTION OF THE HR SYMBOL

The WINNING DESIGN

FREE AS A MAN is based on a completely new approach in human
communication.

Requiring no drawing skills whatsoever!

Anyone (ages 3 to 103) can draw this beautiful symbol.

Every human being already has a stencil for the human rights symbol-a hand.

FREE AS A MAN- HUMAN RIGHTS SYMBOL in 3 easy steps

1. Outline your hand-leave your mark.

2. Add feather-looking peaks onto the finger tips – learn and evolve.
3. Make a wing line on the palm and spread your human rights.

FREE AS A MAN 13
THE EVOLUTION OF THE HR SYMBOL

The WINNING DESIGN

“One logo can’t change the world, including this one. But this logo
is a symbol which could gather people – and people can change
the world” – PEDRAG STAKIC, Serbian Designer 14
ARTICEL 21, UDHR –RIGHT TO DEMOCRACY

EVOLUTION OF THE HR SYMBOL

ARTICLE 21, UDHR-Right to Democracy

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ARTICEL 21, UDHR –RIGHT TO DEMOCRACY

WORLD BANNERS
# Human rights violations be like….

In Zimbabwe, hundreds of human rights defenders and members of

the main opposition party, the Movement for Democratic Change
(MDC), were arrested for participating in peaceful gatherings.
In Pakistan, thousands of lawyers, journalists, human rights defenders
and political activists were arrested for demanding democracy, the
rule of law and an independent judiciary.
In Cuba, at the end of 2007, sixty two prisoners of conscience
remained incarcerated for their nonviolent political views or
activities.
(source: United for Human Rights)

Philippines: 5,021 killings recorded (May 10, 2016-Sept 29,

2017). NANLABAN… NAMATAY…
-Dr. Clarissa C. David, Aug 30, 201816
ARTICEL 21, UDHR –RIGHT TO DEMOCRACY

Article 21, Universal Declaration

of Human Rights
•Everyone has the right to take part in the government of his
country, directly or through freely chosen representatives.

•Everyone has the right to equal access to public service in

his country.

•The will of the people shall be the basis of the authority of

government; this will shall be expressed in periodic and
genuine elections which shall be by universal and equal
suffrage and shall be held by secret vote or by equivalent
free voting procedures.

RIGHT TO DEMOCRACY 17
ARTICEL 21, UDHR –RIGHT TO DEMOCRACY

Article 21, UDHR is a SOFT LAW

Soft law is an expression of non-binding norms, principles and practices
that influence state behavior.
The doctrine of incorporation means that the rules of international law
form part of the law of the land and no legislative action is required to
make them applicable to a country. (Art II, Sec 2 1987 Philippine
Constitution)
The doctrine of transformation requires that an international law
principle be transformed into domestic law through a constitutional
mechanism, such as local legislation. The transformation theory is
applied in the Philippines through treaty-making power of the
President. Through this power, rules and principles embodied in a
treaty in force would be transformed into Philippine Law and shall
become valid and effective upon the concurrence of 2/3 of all
members of the Senate. (Art VII, Sec 21 1987 Constitution)

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ARTICEL 21, UDHR –RIGHT TO DEMOCRACY

Everyone has the right to take part in the government of his

country, directly or through freely chosen representatives.

1987 Philippine Constitution

SUFFRAGE

ARTICLE V, Section 1: Suffrage may be exercised by all citizens of

the Philippines not otherwise disqualified by law…
(…the right to vote is a constitutionally-guaranteed right which cannot be limited….
,petitioner contends that the denial of … the petition has the clear and immediate
effect of limiting, if not outrightly nullifying the capacity of its members to fully and
equally participate in public life through…elections. moral disapproval, without
more, is not a sufficient governmental interest to justify exclusion of homosexuals
from participation in the party-list system. (Ang Ladlad v COMELEC)

ARTICLE V, Section 2: The Congress shall provide a system for

…secrecy ….sanctity … protect ..the ballot…”

Right to Vote 19
ARTICEL 21, UDHR –RIGHT TO DEMOCRACY

Everyone has the right to equal access to public service in

his country.

1987 Philippine Constitution

TERM LIMITS/QUALIFICATIONS

ARTICLE VI, Section 4: The term …of Senators.. six years.. No

Senator shall serve for more than two consecutive terms.
Section 6: ..at least twenty-five years of age, able to
read and write ..

ARTICLE VII, Section 2: No person may be elected President unless

he is a natural-born citizen of the Philippines, a registered voter,
able to read and write, at least forty years of age
Section 4: The President and the Vice-President …term
of six years … The President shall not be eligible for any re-election.

Term Limits and Qualifications 20

ARTICEL 21, UDHR –RIGHT TO DEMOCRACY

Everyone has the right to equal access to public service in

his country.

1987 Philippine Constitution

TERM LIMITS/QUALIFICATIONS

ARTICLE X, Section 8: The term of office of elective local officials,

except barangay officials, which shall be determined by law, shall
be three years and no such official shall serve for more than three
consecutive terms..”

Non-flexible Three-Term Limits Rule 21

ARTICEL 21, UDHR –RIGHT TO DEMOCRACY

The will of the people shall be the …authority of government; ..

expressed in periodic and genuine elections.. by universal and
equal suffrage and … held by secret vote or …voting procedures.

1987 Philippine Constitution

STATE POLICIES & PRINCIPLES/SUFFRAGE

ARTICLE II, Section 1. The Philippines is a democratic and

republican State. Sovereignty resides in the people and all
government authority emanates from them.

ARTICLE II Section 2. The Philippines …adopts the generally

accepted principles of international law as part of the law of the
land…

ARTICLE V, Section 1: Suffrage may be exercised by all citizens of

the Philippines not otherwise disqualified by law…

Sovereignty. Principle of Incorporation. Suffrage

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ARTICEL 21, UDHR –RIGHT TO DEMOCRACY

What is DEMOCRACY?

The word comes from demos, "common people"

and kratos, strength

“DEMOCRACY is a system of government where its

STRENGTH are derived from the COMMON PEOPLE”

Democracy, ("rule by people“) in modern usage, a system

of government where the citizens exercise power by
voting. (Wikipedia, August 2018)

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ARTICEL 21, UDHR –RIGHT TO DEMOCRACY

What is DEMOCRACY?

“government of the people, by the people, for the people..”

-Abraham Lincoln, Gettysburg Address (1863)
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ARTICEL 21, UDHR –RIGHT TO DEMOCRACY

What is DEMOCRACY?

- “DEMOCRACY is a system of government where its

STRENGTH are derived from the COMMON PEOPLE”

- “... government of the people, by the people, for the

people..”

- Let our voices be heard through HOPE.

- Qualifications in running for an elective position.

-Terms/Non-flexible 3 term limit

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ARTICEL 21, UDHR –RIGHT TO DEMOCRACY

Landmark Cases re Interruption

of theThree Term Limit Rule
Laceda, Sr. vs. Limena, G.R. No. 182867, November 25, 2008

Facts:
Laceda admitted having served as Punong Barangay of
Panlayaan for three consecutive terms. However, he asserted that when
he was elected for his first two terms, Sorsogon was still a municipality, and
that when he served his third term, the Municipality of Sorsogon had
already been merged with the Municipality of Bacon to form a new
political unit, the City of Sorsogon, pursuant to Republic Act No. 8806.

Issue:
WON Laceda is qualified to run for re-election as Punong
Barangay of Panlayaan for the fourth time.

Held: NO. Republic Act No. 8806 creating Sorsogon City did
not change the character of Barangay Panlayaan. RA 8806
did not interrupt Laceda’s term. 27
ARTICEL 21, UDHR –RIGHT TO DEMOCRACY

Landmark Cases re Interruption

of theThree Term Limit Rule
Naval v. COMELEC, GR No. 207851, July 8, 2014
Facts:
From 2004 to 2007 and 2007 to 2010, Naval had been elected and
had served as a member of the Sanggunian, 2nd District, Province of
Camarines Sur. In 2009, the President approved RA No. 9716, which
reapportioned the legislative districts in Camarines Sur. Notably, 8 out of 10
towns were taken from the old 2nd District to form the present 3rd District.
The present 2nd District is composed of the two remaining towns, Gainza
and Milaor, merged with five towns from the old 1st District. In the 2010
elections, Naval once again won as among the members of the
Sanggunian, 3rd District. He served until 2013.
Issue:
WON Naval is qualified to run for re-election as SB Member of the
3rd District.

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ARTICEL 21, UDHR –RIGHT TO DEMOCRACY

Landmark Cases re Interruption

of theThree Term Limit Rule
1st District 2nd District (1st, 2nd) 3rd District 4th District
1. Del Gallego 1. Naga City 1. Caramoan 1. Iriga City
2. Ragay 2. Pili 2. Garchitorena 2. Baao
3. Lupi 3. Ocampo 3. Goa 3. Balatan
4. Sipicot
5. Cabusao
4. Camaligan
5. Canaman
4. Lagonoy
5. Presentacion
4. Bato
5. Buhi
Pre RA 9716
6. Libmanan, 6. Magarao 6. Sangay 6. Bula
7. Minalabac 7. Bombon 7. San Jose 7. Nabua
8. Pamplona, 8. Calabanga 8. Tigaon
9. Pasacao 9. Gainza 9. Tinamba
10. San Fernando 10. Milaor 10. Siruma

1st District 2nd District 3rd District (3rd) 4th District 5th District
1. Del Gallego 1. Libmanan 1. Naga City 1. Caramoan 1. Iriga City
2. Ragay 2. Minalabac 2. Pili 2. Garchitorena 2. Baao
3. Lupi 3. Pamplona 3. Ocampo 3. Goa 3. Balatan
4. Sipicot 4. Pasacao 4. Camaligan 4. Lagonoy 4. Bato
5. Cabusao 5. San Fernando 5. Canaman 5. Presentacion 5. Buhi
6. Gainza 6. Magarao 6. Sangay 6. Bula
7. Milaor 7. Bombon 7. San Jose 7. Nabua
RA 9716 Era 8. Calabanga; 8. Tigaon
9. Tinamba
10. Siruma
Held: Republic Act No. 9716 does not alter the fact that the
renamed district which elected him for the third time (2010) is the
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same one which brought him to office in 2004 and 2007.
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Supporting Slides

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As such, we hold that moral disapproval, without more, is not a sufficient governmental
interest to justify exclusion of homosexuals from participation in the party-list system.
The denial of Ang Ladlad’s registration on purely moral grounds amounts more to a
statement of dislike and disapproval of homosexuals, rather than a tool to further any
substantial public interest.

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Q — Give examples of soft law.

ANS: Certain declarations and resolutions of the UN General Assembly fall under
this category. (Louis Henkins, et al., International Law, Cases and Materials,
2nd Ed.). The UN Declaration of Human Rights is an example. This was applied
in Government of Hongkong Special Administrative Region v. Olalia; Mejoff v.
Director of Prisons; 90 Phil. 70 (1951); Mijares v. Ranada; Shangri-la International
Hotel Management Ltd. v. Developers Group of Companies Inc.,G.R. No. 159938,
March 31, 2006, 486 SCRA 405).

It is resorted to in order to reflect and respond to the changing needs and

demands of constituents of certain international organizations like the WHO.

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The Doctrine of Incorporation; The Doctrine of Transformation.

The doctrine of incorporation means that the rules of international law for part
of the law of the land and no legislative action is required to make them
applicable to a country. The Philippines follows his doctrine, because Section
2,Article II of the Constitution states that the Philippines adopt the generally
accepted principles of international law as partof the law of the land.

The doctrine of transformation on the other hand requires that an international

law principle be transformed into domestic law through a constitutional
mechanism, such as local legislation. (Pharmaceutical and Health Care
Association of the Philippines v. Duque, G.R. No. 173034, October 9, 2007).
The transformation theory is applied in the Philippines through treaty-making
power of the President. Through this power, rules and principles embodied in a
treaty in force would be transformed into Philippine Law and shall become
valid and effective upon the concurrence of 2/3 of all members of the Senate.

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The Doctrine of Incorporation; The Doctrine of Transformation.

The doctrine of incorporation means that the rules of international law for part
of the law of the land and no legislative action is required to make them
applicable to a country. The Philippines follows his doctrine, because Section
2,Article II of the Constitution states that the Philippines adopt the generally
accepted principles of international law as part of the law of the land.

The doctrine of transformation on the other hand requires that an international

law principle be transformed into domestic law through a constitutional
mechanism, such as local legislation. (Pharmaceutical and Health Care
Association of the Philippines v. Duque, G.R. No. 173034, October 9, 2007).
The transformation theory is applied in the Philippines through treaty-making
power of the President. Through this power, rules and principles embodied in a
treaty in force would be transformed into Philippine Law and shall become
valid and effective upon the concurrence of 2/3 of all members of the Senate.

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