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WIND AND TIDAL ENERGY

Presented by:

• Abhijeet Singh 17117002


• Jitendra Sahu 17117038
• Kaustub ku. Kashyap 17117041
• P Sai Shankar Patro 17117054
• Prabhat Singh Baghel 17117056
• Praveen Kr Verma 17117059
GUIDED BY-
• Rakshit Dutta 17117064
• Aniket kr Singh 17117901 Dr. MONALISA BISWAL
WIND ENERGY
HOW WIND IS GENERATED ?

 Due to the uneven distribution of heat energy from the sun creates pressure
difference between different regions.
 Warm air expands and rises up while cold air condenses and sinks, hence
resulting the flow of air and forms wind.
Classification of Wind mills :

 Wind turbines are classified into two types :


1. Horizontal axis :
• Most common wind turbines design.
• Axis being parallel to the ground, the axis of blade rotation is parallel to wind flow.
• Mostly are aero-turbine mill with 35% efficiency and farm mills with 15% efficiency.
2. Vertical axis :
• In this type, the shaft is vertical.
• The transmission and generator can be mounted at ground level allowing easier servicing
and lighter weight.
• Cost effective but less efficient in collecting energy.
Components of wind mill :

 ROTOR :
• The portion of the wind turbine that collects energy from wind is called rotor.
• It usually consists of two or more wooden or metal which rotates about an axis and depends on
wind speed and shape of blades.
 BLADES :
• It operates either on the principle of drag or lift.
• In drag design the wind literally pushes the blades out of the way and characterised by low
rotational speed and high torque.
• In lift design, it works on the same principle that enables airplanes, kites to fly. They have high
rotational speed.
 GENERATOR :
• It converts the turning motion of blades to electricity. Inside this component coils of wires are
rotated in the magnetic field to produce electricity.
 TRANSMISSION :
• Generator generally have rpm in the range of 40-400 rpm, whereas, generators require rpm in the
range of 1200-1800 rpm.
• Hence, most wind turbines require gearbox transmission to increase the rotation of the generator
to the speeds necessary for efficient electricity production.
 TOWER:
• It is a support structure on which a wind turbine is mounted. It also raises the wind turbine so that
its blades safely clears the ground and reach stronger winds at higher elevations.
• Studies also shows that the added cost of increasing tower is often justified by the added power
generated from the stronger winds.
UTILIZATION OF WIND POWER IN INDIA

 In ancient times :
Pumping of water
Processing of grains
 Present scenario
Total installed capacity has reached to 34.04 GW and total generation is
52.66 GWh in year 2017-18.
 Asia’s largest wind power plant named “Pavanshakti” has been commissioned
at Lamba near Porbandar in Gujrat in 1990.This plant has 50 WTG(wind
turbine generator) each 200KW capacity .
 India is the fifth largest producer of electricity through WTG in the world .
PROBLEMS IN CONVENTIONAL TURBINES

 Rotation of blades often kill birds.


 Vibrations can cause headache , nausea and other problems.
 Blade spinning scrambles TV and radio signals.
ZERO-BLADE TECHNOLOGY
The “SAPHONIAN” is a bladeless , rotationless and follows a back and forth 3-D
knot motion, largely inspired from sailboats, developed by “SAPHON” in Tunisia.

PRINCIPLE :
 It is inspired by the sailboat because sailboat is the only mechanism capable of
capturing and converting kinetic energy into mechanical energy for transportation
purpose.
 They are using a plan from 2D to 3D due to back and forth motion they are
harnessing the energy because they capture 2 times more wind than
conventional turbines .
 CONCEPT OF BIOMIMICRY : The motion of saphonian is just like a big eight(8)
in 3D and this motion is present in nature like bird fly and fish tail .
Advantages of zero-blade technology
 It is eco-friendly ,bird friendly as birds don’t try to pass through, no noisy as no
blades and so no rotation.
 They are capable of overcoming the Betz’s Limit and Saphon turbine is said to
be 2.3 times more efficient.
 The cost is expected to be 45% less than the conventional turbine due to fact
that there are no blades no hub and gear box on the units.

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