Tools

BSME 4A : ME Elective 1 Tool and Die

Society benefits when engineers apply scientific discoveries to design materials and
processes that develop into enabling technologies.
 History
The history of technology is the history of
the invention of tools and techniques.
These inventions have enabled people to
create and accomplish many new things.
Technological artifacts are products of a
society’s economy, a force for economic
growth, and a large part of everyday life.
Technological innovations affect, and are
affected by, a society's cultural traditions.
 Why?
The invention of tools and techniques is
evidence of a society’s ability to solve
problems that were encountered in
every day life.
 What is a tool?
A tool is a device or a piece of
equipment that typically provides a
mechanical advantage in accomplishing
a task or enables the accomplishment
of a task not otherwise possible. The
most basic tools are simple machines.
When particularly intended for domestic
use, a tool is often called a utensil.
 Types of Tools
1. Cutting tools, such as the knife,
scissors or an axe, are wedge-shaped
implements that produce a shearing force
along a narrow face.
 Why do you think a knife is a necessary
tool? For example, if you were stranded
by yourself on a desert island,
would you want a knife? Why?
 Discuss it…
Would you need a knife to make a
shelter?
Would you need a knife to help with
your food?
What other kinds of things would you be
able to do with a knife?
What would you do to improvise without
one?
 Types of tools
2. Moving tools, move large and small things. All
these tools move items by some kind of force. for
example:
 Concentrating force tools (like the hammer moves a
nail, or the maul moves a wedge.) These operate by
applying physical compression to a surface. In the
case of the screwdriver, the force is sideways and
called torque.
 Writing implements deliver a fluid to a surface via
compression to activate the ink cartridge.
 Grabbing and twisting nuts and blots with pliers, a
glove, or a wrench
 Inclined planes, wedges and pulleys help move large
items.
 Discuss it…
Without tools that concentrate force
such as hammers or pliers, what chores
would be very difficult if not impossible?
Have you ever built anything with
wood? Did you use a hammer or
screwdriver?
Have you ever tried to remove a screw
or nail without a screwdriver or
hammer?
What do you think people did before
hammers? What problems did they
have?
 Types of tools
3. Guiding and measuring tools include
the ruler, set square, and straightedge.
 When do you use these types of tools?
How do they help?
 If you had only one piece of paper and
pen and had to draw a perfect square,
would you want a ruler? Why?
 Types of tools
4. Shaping tools, such as moulds, jigs, trowels, caulk, and
concrete help us by making consistent and reliable shapes
that fit together well and are sturdy.
When do you use these types of tools? How do they
help?

Would you want to put a swimming pool in your backyard

without shaping tools? What kinds of problems would
you have?
 Types of tools
5. Fastening tools, such as welders, rivet
guns, nail guns, glue guns, and glue help us by
fastening things together.
 When do you use tools like these? How do
they help you?
 Imagine driving a car that was put together
without any fastening tools…would you want
to? Why or why not?
 Resources
http://earlyhumans.mrdonn.org/index.html
http://www.kidspast.com/world-history/0001-prehistoric-humans.php
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_technology