TITANIUM

WHY TITANIUM IS USED IN AIRCRAFT ??

 High tensile strength to density ratio.
 High corrosion resistance.

 Fatigue resistance.

 High crack resistance.

 Withstand moderately high temperatures

without creeping.
TITANIUM AIRCRAFT FRAMES
LOCKHEED A 12
SR 71 BLACK BIRD
USES OF TITANIUM IN AIRCRAFT
 Rotors
 Compressor blades

 Hydraulic system components

 Nacelles
ORES OF TITANIUM
 Rutile (Ti02)
 Ilmenite (Fe0-Ti02)

 How Titanium is extracted from ore ?

TWO FORMS OF TITANIUM
 Till 1625ºF – Hexagonal close packed structure
 Above 1625ºF Becomes BCC

 To reduce transformation point – V ,Mb

 To increase the Transformation point – Al,C,O,N
SIMPLIFIED PHASE.DIAGRAM FOR TITANIUM
TITANIUM DESIGNATION
 Titanium and titanium alloys possess three basic
types of crystals: A (alpha), B (beta), and C (combined
alpha and beta).
Their characteristics are:
• A (alpha) — all around performance; good weldability;
tough and strong both cold and hot, and resistant to
oxidation.
• B (beta)—bendability; excellent bend ductility; strong
both cold and hot, but vulnerable to contamination.
• C (combined alpha and beta for compromise
performances) — strong when cold and warm, but weak
when hot; good bendability; moderate contamination
resistance; excellent forgeability.
 Eg : A-55 is an example of a commercially pure
titanium
HEAT TREATMENT OF TITANIUM
Titanium is heat treated for the following purposes:
• Relief of stresses set up during cold forming or
machining.
• Annealing after hot working or cold working, or
to provide maximum ductility for subsequent cold
working.
• Thermal hardening to improve strength.
 Stress Relieving
 Full Annealing

 Thermal Hardening