Mekanika Fluida

Chap:7 Momentum Balance Soal 7.2

Chap:8 High-Velocity Gas Flow Soal 8.49

Kelompok 4:
Ali Indradi
Annisa Nurfitriana
Dian Nindita
Ernawati
Fita Sefriana
Jaka Wibowo
Rizky Kurniawan
7.2 A 5 lbm gun fires a 0,05 lbm bullet. The bullet leaves the gun at
a velocity of 1500 ft/s in the x direction. If the gun is not restrained,
what is the velocity just after the bullet leaves? Work this problem
in two ways:
a. Taking the gun as the system
b. Taking the combination gun and bullet as the system
a. Taking the gun as the system
Massa yang digunakan adalah massa senjata (gun)
GUN

d (mVx ) sys  Vxin dm in  Vxout dm out   Fx dt

 Vx m  sys , final   Vx m  sys ,initial  Vin min  Vout mout

Vout ,bullet .mbullet 1500 ft / s.0, 05lbm
Vsys  ( )  15 ft / s
mgun 5lbm
b. Taking the combination gun &
bullet as the system
Bullet
GUN

Massa yang digunakan adalah massa senjata (gun)

d (mVx ) sys  Vxin dm in  Vxout dm out   Fx dt

 Vx m  sys, final   Vx m  sys ,initial  Vin min  Vout mout

Vout ,bullet .mbullet 1500 ft / s.0, 05lbm

Vsys  ( )  15 ft / s
mgun 5lbm
8.49. A natural gas line has an inside diameter of
36 in. the compressor stations are located 60 mi
apart; the pressure at the outlet of the first is 750
Psia, and the pressure at the inlet of the second is
500 Psia. The gas maybe considered an ideal gas
with molecular weight 18. the temperature is
constan at 70˚F. what is the mass flowrate,
according to the Weymouth Equation? How much
different would the answer have been if we had
used the constan density B.E (Sec 6.5) with friction
and based the friction calculation on the following:
a) The upstream density and velocity
b) The average density and the velocity
P1=750 Psia P2=750 Psia
V1=…? V2=…?
1  ....?  2  ....?
 Weymouth Equation
1/ 2
 2  
2

  P1  P2  D M  
2 5

m    4 
 4 f xRT 
 
 

P1=Tekanan Inlet = 750 psia Δx = Panjang pipa = 60 mile

P2=Tekanan outlet = 500 psia T = Temperatur = 70 F

D=Diameter pipa = 36 in R = konstanta gas

M=Bobot Molekul = 18 lbm/lbmol f = faktor friksi = 0,0080/D3

 Weymouth Equation
1/ 2
 2  
2

 1  2 
2 5
P P D M   
m   4  0, 008 0, 008
 4 f xRT  f  1/ 3
 1/ 3
 0, 0024
D 36
 
 

1/ 2
 lbf 2 lbf 2  lbm  2  lbm. ft
 (750 in 2 )  (500 in 2 )  (36in) (18 lbmol )( 4 )  32, 2 lbf .s 2
5

 
m   
ft lbm 1/ 2
223 ( ) (530 R)1/ 2 (3,86 x106 in)1/ 2 2(0, 0024)1/ 2
s lbmol.R
lb
m  471, 7

s
 Bernoulli Equation

P1=750 Psia
V1=…? P1=500 Psia
V2=…?
1  ....?
 2  ....?

 lbf  lbm 
a) ρ dan v upstream  750  18 
P1.M  in 2  lbmol  lbm
b) ρ dan v rata-rata
1    2,37
R.T (lbf / in 2 ) ft 3 ft 3
10, 73 (530 R)
lbmol.R
 lbf   lbm 
 500  18 
P2 .M  in 2   lbmol  lbm
2    1,58 3
R.T (lbf / in 2 ) ft 3 ft
10, 73 (530 R )
lbmol.R
Bernoulli Equation
a) ρ dan v upstream

2( P2  P1 ) D
P V 2 dW V12 
 gz   F 4 1 f x
 2 dm
lbf lbf lbm. ft in 2
( P2  P1 ) x V 2 2(500 2  750 2 )36in.32, 2 144 2
 4 f 1 in in lbf .s 2 ft
1 D 2 V1 
2
lbm
4(0, 0024)(3,8 x106 in)(2,37 3 )
2( P2  P1 ) D ft
V12 
4 1 f x V1  31, 07
ft
s

lbm ft ft 2 lbm
m  1 AV1  (2,37 3 )(1017,36in )(31, 07 )(
2
)  520, 23
ft s 144in 2 s
Bernoulli Equation
a) ρ dan v average

P V 2 dW 2( P2  P1 ) D
 gz   F 2
Vave 
 ave 2 dm 4  ave f x
( P2  P1 ) x Vave
2 lbf lbf lbm. ft in 2
 4 f 2(500 2  750 2 )36in.32, 2 144 2
in in lbf .s 2 ft
 ave D 2 2
Vave 
lbm
2( P2  P1 ) D 4(0, 0024)(3,8 x106 in)(1,975 3 )
2
Vave  ft
4  ave f x ft
Vave  34, 03
s

lbm ft ft 2 lbm
m   ave AVave  (1,975 3 )(1017,36in )(34, 03 )(
2
)  474,91
ft s 144in 2 s
 According Mass flowrate (lbm/s)

Weymouth Equation 471,7

B.E with ρ dan v upstream 520,23

B.E with ρ dan v Average 474,91

10.7. How many horsepower are required to compress 20 lbmol/hr
of helium (k = 1,666) from 1 atm at 68oF to 10 atm using:
a. An isothermal compressor
b. An adiabatic compressor
c. A two-stage, adiabatic compressor with optimum interstage
pressure and intercooling to 68oF?

Dik:
k = 1,666
P1 = 1 atm P2 = 10 atm
T = 68oF = 528oR
R = 1,987 Btu/lbmol.oR
1 hp = 2545 Btu/hr
a. Isothermal Compressor
P2
w  nRT ln
P1
 10atm 
w  20 lbmol .1,987 Btu o
o .528 R.ln  
hr lbmol R  1atm 
w  48314,50 Btu
hr
w  18,98hp
 b. Adiabatic Compressor
 ( k 1)

nRTk  P2   k
w    1
k  1  P1  
 
20 lbmol .1,987 Btu .528 o
R.1, 666  (1,666 1)

 10 atm  1,666
hr o
lbmol R
w   1
(1, 666  1)  1atm  
 
w  79283,59 Btu
hr
w  31,15hp
 c. A two-stage, adiabatic compressor with optimum
interstage pressure and intercooling to 68oF?

P interstage = (Pdischarge.
Pinlet)1/2=(10.1)1/2=3,16 atm
 ( k 1)

k  ( k 1)  P  k
w  nRT Pint er k  1   disch   1
k 1   Pint er  
 
 (1,666 1)

1,666 3,16atm
(1,666 1)
 10 atm  1,666
w  20 lbmol hr .1,987 Btu lbmol o R .528 R
o 1,666
1     1
1,666  1   3,16atm  
 
w  61353,59 Btu
hr
w  24,11hp