Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Lecture 6
Politics of Independence
Lecture 6: Politics of Independence
Administration - ANGAU
• The ANGAU (Australia New Guinea Administrative Union),
the civilian administration set up during the war.
• ANGAU handed over the administration to the civilians
under Murray in October 1945 and was legally confirmed
by the passing of Papua and New Guinea Act by
Australian Parliament in 1949.
• This was the first time in the history of the two colonies,
that they had been administered as one entity.
Lecture 6: Politics of Independence
Administration - ANGAU
• With respect to health, ANGAU built 35 hospitals and
employed ten doctors, 113 European medical assistants,
and 453 native medical orderlies by 1944.
• In education ANGAU did less, but it began a school in Port
Moresby, and a teachers training school at Sogeri which
had 97 pupil in 1944 (Where now Sogeri National High
School).
Lecture 6: Politics of Independence
Administration - ANGAU
• Similarly ANGAU built roads, though not all of them
useful after the war; they were used to maintain
plantations in allied areas, and extended exploration and
contact, particularly in the highlands. And no doubt one
reason why Port Moresby is PNG’s capital today is
because; it was the war time capital for the whole
country.
Lecture 6: Politics of Independence
Administration 1949-1973 – Extension of Government
Influence
• The basic aim of the administration was to spread European to
every part of Papua New Guinea as quickly as possible.
• Health
• The administration’s high priority was expand health services.
• Programme against particular ailments, TB, leprosy, Malaria, etc.
• Training of locals to sustain the health services. In Port Moresby.
Since 1967 Papua New Guineans would train to become doctors at
UPNG.
Lecture 6: Politics of Independence
Administration 1949-1973 – Extension of Government
Influence
• Education
• No detailed education policy was worked out for some years in
PNG, until 1954
• mission intervene teachings.
• Teachers colleges begin in 1949,
• There were few schools before the war, but number of schools
increased rapidly in 1950s and 1960s.
• IN 1960s, international pressure to prepare for independence
caused the expansion of secondary and tertiary education.
Lecture 6: Politics of Independence
Labor
• On 22nd September 1945, EJ Ward told all Papua New
Guinean workers that they could go home, regardless of
time they still had to spend on their indentured labour
contracts. He brought to an end the prewar Contract
system
• The labour department began trades men training
courses in 1946, gradually number of skilled personnel’s
increased.
Lecture 6: Politics of Independence
Tutorial Activities
• Explain how war influences Australian opinion towards
PNG
• Identify and discuss factors that make ANGAU different
from pre-World War Two colonial administration
• Jack K Murray often nick named “Kanaka Jack “by
expatriates. Explain
• What is “New Deal “under EJ Ward
Lecture 6: Politics of Independence