Introduction to

Psychiatry

Bintang Arroyantri P
Departemen Ilmu Kedokteran Jiwa
FK Unsri
WHAT IS
PSYCHIATRY
Definition

 Psychiatry is that branch of medicine

dealing with mental disorder and its
treatment
 Psych : soul or mind
 Iatros : healer
WHY STUDY
PSYCHIATRY ?
Psychiatric disorders are
prevalent and often go
untreated
Riskesdas, 2013
Sumatera selatan: 10,68 juta
Indonesia: 249,9 juta

Ratio psikiater: penduduk = 1:323

WHO= 1:30
Why Study Psychiatry ?…

Global burden of mental disorders

Subject of medicine is human being, a
“biopsychosocial”
Consideration of the psychological aspects
of the doctor-patient relationship
 BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL CONCEPT

10

(Novack et al, 2007)

Barriers to Dx & Treatment in Primary Care Settings
(Patients Factor)

May present with a somatic complaint

Concurrent medical illness often obscures
psychiatric symptoms
Denial
Stigma & shame
The belief that psychiatric illness is untreatable
The belief that drugs are mind-altering and/or
addictive
Sirwan, 2009
Barriers to Dx & Treatment in Primary Care Settings
(physician factors)

A lack of time
Fear of being embarrassed
Uncertainty
Fear that the patient will have an
illness that is unresponsive to
treatment
Prior negative experience
Lack of knowledge
Sirwan, 2009
Scope

Neuroscience and biological psychiatry

Consultant-Liason Psychiatry (CLP)
Forensic psychiatry
Psychotherapy
Child and adolescent psychiatry
Cross-cultural psychiatry
Community and disaster psychiatry
Addiction psychiatry
Psychogeriatric
 Neuroscience and
biological psychiatry

To understand mental
disorders in terms of
biological function of
central nervous system:
- Neurochemical
- Neuroendocrine
- Genetic
The interface between
general medicine and
psychiatry, usually
taking place in a
hospital or medical
setting
Psychiatry CLP Medical
E.G:
Patients with medical conditions that
result in psychiatric or behavioural
symptoms (delirium, adverse effect)

Patients with mental disorders who

have been admitted for the
treatment of medical problems

Physical symptoms as a result of a

mental disorders, or with medically
unexplained physical symptoms

Distress related to their medical

problems

People with dementia

Palliative
 Forensic Psychiatry

The interface between

law and psychiatry:
Violence
Homicide
Adoption
Guardianship
Inheritance
Psychotherapy
Child and adolescent
psychiatry
Focuses on the diagnosis,
treatment, and prevention
of mental disorders in
children, adolescents, and
their families.
E.g:
Autisme
ADHD
Conduct disorders
 Cross-cultural psychiatry

Concerned with the

cultural context of
mental disorders and
the challenges of
addressing ethnic
diversity in psychiatric
services.
 Community and disaster psychiatry

Treat people with mental

disorders (mental illness or
mental health difficulties)
in a domiciliary setting:

Community services
Community programs
 Addiction Psychiatry

Focuses on the
evaluation, diagnosis,
and treatment of people
who are suffering from
one or more disorders
related to addiction.
 Psychogeriatric

Dealing with the study,

prevention, and
treatment of mental
disorders in humans
with old age (≥60)
 No Health !
without Mental Health

TERIMAKASIH