TURBOCHAR

GER
Represented by:
TODANKAR SWARAJ VIKAS (556)
VANJARE SIDDHESH VISHNU (559)
WANI PRIYANKA BIJU (563)
WHAT IS TURBOCHARGER
 A turbocharger, or colloquially turbo, is a turbine driven
forced induction device that increases an internal
combustion engine’s efficiency & power output by
forcing extra compressed air into the combustion
chamber.
 This improvement over a naturally aspirated engine’s
power output is due to the fact that the compressor can
force more air-and proportionately more fuel-into the
combustion chamber than atmospheric pressure(and for
that matter, ram air intakes)alone.
LIMITATIONS OF
SUPERCHARGER OVER
TURBOCHARGER
 Draws power from engine:-
Though the overall mechanical efficiency is increased but it
consumes power from the engine. The same job is done by
a turbocharger without consuming extra power.
 Increased heat generation:-
The engine should have proper heat dissipation systems as
well as it should be able to withstand thermal stresses.
 Induces stress:-
The engine must hold up against the high pressure & bigger
explosions generated in the cylinder. If the engine is not
designed considering these stresses, it may damaged the
piston head.
 WHY WE USE ?

 It uses some of the unused energy contained in the hot

exhaust gases.
 Wide range of power levels.
 Increases the density of the air to add more fuel.
 Reduces specific fuel oil consumption.
 Improves mechanical, thermal efficiencies.
 The turbocharger does not drain power from the engine.
 By connecting a turbocharger as much as 40% to 50% of
waste energy we can use.
WORKING PRINCIPAL OF
TURBOCHARGER

 A turbocharger uses the otherwise unused energy in the

exhaust gases to drive a turbine directly connected by a co-
axial shaft to a rotary compressor in the air intake system.
 The turbocharger is bolted to the exhaust manifold of the
engine. The exhaust from the cylinders spins the turbine,
which works like a gas turbine engine. The turbine is
connected by a shaft to the compressor, which is located
between the air filter and the intake manifold. The
compressor pressurizes the air going into the pistons.
Where the turbocharger is
located in the car ?
Problems in Turbocharger

Some of the possible problems with turbochargers that the

designers must take into account are as follows:-
 Too Much Boost
 Turbo Lag
 Small vs. Large Turbocharger
Advantages of turbocharger
 The more increase the pressure of the intake air above
the local atmospheric pressure (boost), the more power
the engine produces. Automotive superchargers for
street use typically produce a maximum boost pressure
between 0.33 to 1.0 bar providing a proportionate
increase in power.
 Engines burn air and fuel at an ideal (stoichiometric)
ratio of about 14.7:1, which means that if you burn
more air, you must also burn more fuel.
 This is particularly useful at high altitudes: thinner air
has less oxygen, reducing power by around 3% per 1,000
feet above sea level, but a supercharger can
compensate for that loss, pressurizing the intake charge
to something close to sea level pressure.
Disadvantages of
turbocharger
 Cost and complexity
 Detonation
 Parasitic losses
 Space
 Turbo lag
Applications:-

 Diesel Powered Cars.

 Gasoline Powered Cars.
 Motorcycles.
 Trucks.
 Aircraft.
 Marine Engine.
THANK YOU