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TORQUE
-derived from the Latin
word torquere, which
means ' to twist'
𝜏 = 𝑟𝐹
mN
Unit for Torque is Nm
F
𝜽
F﬩
Fll
r
𝜏 = 𝑟𝐹 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
F
𝜽
F﬩
Fll
r
F
F﬩
Fll
EXAMPLE 2
Determine the torque on a bolt, if you are pulling
with a force of 200 N directed perpendicular to a
wrench of length 20 cm?
EXAMPLE 3
Calculate the force required to produce 20 Nm
torque at an angle of 50º from along a 300 cm
rod?
EXAMPLE 4
Calculate the force required to produce 20 Nm torque at an
angle of 50º from along a 300 cm rod?
MOMENT OF INERTIA
Rotational inertia of the rigid body.
Denoted by the symbol I.
We can write
SAMPLE PROBLEM 1
Spheres of different masses are connected by
massless rods as shown in the figure here. Find the
moment of inertia of the system about the axes of
rotation P and Q. Axis P is perpendicular to the plane
of spheres A, B and C, while axis Q connects spheres
B and C. Q
P
2.00 m 0.40 kg
0.30 kg A B
C 0.60 kg
CONDITIONS FOR EQUILIBRIUM
Based on Newton’s laws, the 1st condition
for equilibrium is that the vector sum of all
the external forces acting on the body is zero.
In component form,
In rotational motion, equilibrium can be achieved “if
the sum of the external torques exerted on the body
is zero at any point.”This is the 2nd condition for
equilibrium.