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Aspect of Identification
OBENIETA | GALAURA
Importance of Identification
3. The longer the interval between death and the examination of the
dead body for identification, the greater is the need for experts in
establishing the identity.
• It is necessary to act in the shortest possible time specially in cases of
mass disaster.
METHODS OF IDENTIFICATION
METHODS OF APPROXIMATING THE HEIGHT OF A PERSON
4. Commitment in prison or
membership in gang
Alphonse Bertillion
- French Criminologist
- Father of Anthropometry
1. Descriptive Date
2. Body measurements
3. Anthropometrical measurements
Portrait Parle
SCIENTIFIC METHODS OF IDENTIFICATION
A. DNA TESTING
B. Fingerprinting
C. Dental Identification
D. Handwriting
E. Identification of Skeleton
F. Determination of Sex
G. Determination of Age
H. Identification of Blood and Blood Stains
I. Identification of Hair and Fibers
Dactylography - Study of recording fingerprints as a means
of identification.
B. Age
9 years................. 12 permanent teeth (8 incisors and 4 molars
11 years................20 permanent teeth (8 incisors, 8 premolar and
4 Molars)
13 years................ 28 permanent teeth and no deciduous teeth
8-10 years............. Calcification begin at the 3rd molars
25 years............... root ends of the 3rd molars are completely
classified
C. Sex
presence of BARR Bodies
HANDWRITING
• Proven by:
– Statement of witness who saw the writing made and is able to identify it
as such.
– Opinion of persons who are familiar with the handwriting of the alleged
writer
3. Height
4. Sex
MALE FEMALE
Importance:
1. As an aid in Identification
2. Determination of Criminal Liability
3. Determination of the right to suffrage
4. Determination whether a person can exercise civil rights
5. Determination of the capacity to contract marriage
6. As a requisite to certain crimes
DETERMINATION OF THE AGE OF THE FETUS
Haase's rule
AGE DETERMINATION DURING INFANCY
A. HEIGHT
I. Newborn 50 cm
II. After 6 months 60 cm
III. After 1 year 68 cm
IV. After 4 years double the birth height
B. WEIGHT
I. Newborn 2.5-3 kgs.
II. Child grows 0.5 kg/month
III. At the end of 6 months double the birth weight
IV. At the end of 1 year 3 times the birthweight
Other points:
1. Growth of pubic hair, beard and mustache
- 13 years in female 14 in male
2. Changes in the breast
- 13-14 years old
3. Development of voice
- 16-18 in males
4. Changes in the color of hair, wrinkles
- at 40 years
5. Menstruation
- 12 years old
IDENTIFICATION OF BLOOD AND BLOOD STAINS
Importance:
Solubility Test
- Recent blood shed- soluble with bright red color
- Stain kept in damp places assumes dark red color
Heat Test
- Imparts a muddy precipitate
Luminescence Test
*
- White luminescence
CHEMICAL EXAMINATIONS
Benzidine Test
- positive-blue color
Phenolpthalein Test
- Pink color with hydrogen peroxide
Takayama's Test
- salmon to dark brown hemochrogenic crystals
Blood grouping
- ABO blood grouping
- Rh typing