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Definition of volumes of revolution.

The concept to find the volumes of revolution
using definite integral.
Application of Integration; Volume of Revolution
- Area of region rotated about y-axis.
  
 
 


Volumes of revolution are solids whose shapes can be

generated by revolving some curve(s) about some axis in
three-space.

Usually, the x-axis, y-axis or any line which is parallel to

these axes is taken to be the axis of revolution.

The solid is formed when the area of the region is rotated

about the x-axis and the y-axis.
Area of region rotated about x-axis (left)

Solid generated from the rotation (right)

 #  # 

  
 

  
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( also known as method by slicing )

If we cut or slice out a thin piece from the solid parallel

to the y-axis as shown in Figure 7, we obtain a shape of
disc as shown in figure 8.
Rotating the strip about the axis we see that we get
something of the form:
This is clearly a cylindrical shape and so has volume given
by the classical formula: v = ›r²h, where r is the radius
of the cylinder, and h is the height.

Looking at the specific solid generated by the strip here,

we see that h = dx and r = the length of the strip and the
y-value of the curve = ¥x.

So the volume generated by the strip is given by:

dV = ›r²h
= ›(¥x)²dx
= ›xdx
The next examples illustrate the above process which is
sometimes called the method of washers, for a soon obvious
reason ( the strip generates a solid resembling a washer)

To find the volume dV , of

such a solid, we simply
find the volume of the
large disc as if it were
solid (›R²h) and then
subtract the volume of
the hole (›r²h). This gives
us the formula :
Y$$"%  &' ( ") &
* ") +
+ Y &'  
 )+
)+,

The concept of Integration can be apply in our

daily life.

! As example, by using the concept of Integration

we can calculate the volume of some parts of a
bead.
Find the volume generated by revolving the region bounded by y
= x³, y = 8,and x = 0 about the line x = í1.

Solution: We first sketch the region in question, and draw our

small strip (with width dy) perpendicular to the axis of rotation:
Rotating the strip about the axis of rotation we see that we
get something resembling figure 13.
 The volume generated by the strip is one of a washer with :

I. R = (the distance from the axis of rotation to the outer edge of

Œ
the strip) = (1 + the x value of the outer curve) = 1 + y

II. r = (the distance from the axis of rotation to the inner edge of
the strip) = 1

III. h = dy

So the volume generated by the strip is given by:





 · 
hj

   Œ h · 
hdy

Œ


   y Πh dy
We also see from the sketch that y varies from 0 to 8 in
the region, so these are our limits of integration. Our
volume is therefore represented by:
-. )& 
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