• Welcome as young Colleagues to

To 3rd Year MBBS, PMC

Introduction to
Community Medicine

Dr Muhammad Aman Khan

15.08.16
 Objectives of the session

• By the end of the session, the students will

be able to differentiate;
• Between clinical Med. And Community
Medicine (Public Health).
• Is it important for doctors?
• Do we need it daily, weekly/yearly?
• What does it contain?
»How can we learn it?
• WHO definition of Health
• Health is a state of complete physical,
mental spiritual and social well-being and
• not merely the absence of disease or
infirmity.
What is Community Medicine?

The study of health and disease in

the population of defined
communities in order to
identify their health needs, and to
plan, implement and evaluate health
programs to effectively meet these
needs.

,
 Community Medicine
• It is often considered synonymous with
preventive and social medicine, public health,
and community health.
• All these share common ground, i.e.
prevention of disease and promotion of
health
• Community medicine provides comprehensive
health services ranging from
preventive, promotive,
curative, rehabilitative services.
And Monitoring & EVALUATION
 Public health
• Public health is defined as the art and
science of maintaining, protecting and
improving the health of the people through
organized community efforts.
 COMPARISON OF CLINICAL AND COMMUNITY MEDICINE

Clinical Medicine Community Medicine

Aim To shorten morbidity To reduce unnecessary

and prevent mortality in morbidity and premature
diseased person mortality in the whole
Explore methods which population.
would reverse or Explore greatest
eliminate disease states. potential for health
improvement

Objective Cure patient of disease Improve health status

of a community

Information required Clinical history , Population data,

Physical examination and Health problems,
laboratory tests. Disease pattern, and
Giving treatment trends, availability of
(Medical, Surgical or health services.
Optical) Felt needs of the community,
health education to bring
Public health and community medicine By: Muhammad Ilyas Chapter
1. Pg 1
lifestyle changes / attitudes
 Clinical Medicine Community Medicine

Diagnosis Differential diagnosis Community diagnosis

and probable (how many people of
diagnosis what age and sex
and when affected)

Action Plan Treatment & Community health

rehabilitation program, monitoring
and health information

Evaluation Follow up and Mid term and end of

assessment, Program Evaluation
(To know if the modifying of change in health
planning worked with The dose in case of status vs input
in available chronic diseases, (Financial, Physical
resources?) Hypertension, DM, and Human Resource)
Heart disease, TB

Public health and community medicine By: Muhammad Ilyas Chapter

 Population of Pakistan
• June 2016, (Economic Survey) 195.4 M
• Vulnerable population
– Children under 5 years of age (U 5)
• (New born) & up to 1 year
• Under 5 years (Diarrhea, pneumonia, Malnut.)
People above 60 years of Age (Hypertension, DM,
CAD, COPD, Stroke, Cancers other chronic
diseases)
Women of Reproductive age (15-49 years)

Adolescent age (15-25) Drug abuse, addiction

Health Indicators

Economic Survey Report 2015-16

Ministry of Finance Pakistan
POPULATION, LABOUR FORCE AND EMPLYMENT

MORTALITY RATE

YEAR 2012 2013 2014 2015

METERNAL MORTALITY per (100,000) 197 190 184 178

INFANT MORTALITY (per 1000) 71 69 67 66

CHILD MORTALITY (per 1000) 88 86 83 81

SOURCE: WORLD BANK INDICATOR

• Economic Survey Report 2015-16

• Ministry of Finance Pakistan
Pakistan 2016
September 2014
WHO, 27 August 2013
Causes of death in children U 5
in Pakistan
Number of polio cases Looking for trend over time
Vaccination for all – Community Medicine
Clinical medicine, Treating one patient
Rehabilitation
 Subjects in Comm. Medicine

• Epidemiology, Biostatistics, Demography

• Communicable disease, Non communicable
disease, Health education and health
promotion
• Mental health, School health, Community
nutrition, Environmental health,
Occupational health, Mother and child
health, Health systems and services.
• International health, Health of people with
special needs, Geriatric Health
 Methods of learning
• Lectures, Tutorials,
• Field visits, case studies
• Conducting research studies,
Exercises, Study Research report
Conducting & writing Research
Project,
• Studying different research articles
 Methods of Assessment

• MCQ SAQ / SEQ

• OSPE Structured viva
• Research project
• Presentations PPT, Poster,
Assignments