WELCOME

DR.M.S SWAMINATHAN
 INTRODUCTION

•Father of Green Revolution

•Indian Geneticist & Administrator renow
ned for his leading role in India's Green Re
volution
•He was "One of the twenty most influent
ial Asians " of the 20th century
•Also known as "Father of Economic Ecol
ogy "
 EARLY LIFE
•Born on 7 August 1925 in Kumbakonam
•Second son of Dr. M. K Sambasivan & Pa
rvati Thangammal Sambasivan
•He lost his father at the age of 11 & was
looked after by M. K Narayanaswami
•He studied at Little Flower High School ,
Kumbakonam
•He graduated in 1944 at Maharajas Coll
ege with a degree in zoology
 PERSONAL LIFE
•Wife - Mina Swaminathan
•Childrens - Three daughters
*Dr.Soumya Swaminathan - Deputy
Director General of W.H.O
*Dr.Madhura Swaminathan -
Professor of Economics
* Nitya Swaminathan - Senior Lecturer
in gender analysis & development
 CAREER
•Completed BSc in agricultural science fro
m Madras Agricultural College
•Bengal famine of 1943 motivated him to
pursue a career in agricultural science
•1947 - completed post graduation in gen
etics & plant breeding from IARI , New Delhi
•He obtained high distinction for post grad
uation
•Receive UNESCO fellowship & went to Ne
therlands & continue research on potato ge
netics
•Here , he succeeded in transferring genes
from wild species of solanum to Solanum tu
berousum
• 1952 - Earned PhD for the thesis " Specie
s differentiation & the nature of polyploidy i
n Solanum tuberarium "
•He wanted to help poor farmers to incre
ase their food production
•He held researches in various offices of G
overnment of India
•He introduced Mexican semi dwarf whe
at plants & modern farming methods to In
dia
•This increased the food production
•1954 - 66 - Teacher , Researcher & Research Admini
strator at IARI
•1966 - 72 - Director of IARI
•1972 - 79 - Director General of ICAR under Govern
ment of India
•1989 - Chairman of M.S Swaminathan Research Fo
undation
•2007 - Nominated to Rajya Sabha
•2010 - Member of ICAR society
•Presently , member of leadership council of compac
t 2025
 AWARDS
Swaminathan received several outstanding
awards & prizes :
•Krishi Ratna Award - 1986
• Indira Gandhi Prize for Peace ,
Disarmament & Development
• Padma Shri - 1967
• Raman Magsaysay Award - 1971
• Padma Bhushan - 1972
•Albert Einstein World Award of Science
•Padma Vibhushan - 1989
•Honda Prize for achieving outstanding

results in Ecotechnology - 1991

•H.K Firodia Award for excellence in
science & technology
 CONTRIBUTIONS

GREEN REVOLUTION

•It was an agenda under which high yieldi

ng varieties of wheat & rice were distributed
to poor farmers
•It was a period when the productivity of g
lobal agriculture increased as a result of ne
w advances
•During this period, new chemical fertilize
rs & pesticides were created
•Norman Borlaug , an American scientist i
ntroduced Green Revolution
•William Gaud of U.S coined the term Gr
een Revolution
•In India , Green Revolution was introduc
ed by Dr. M.S Swaminathan
•As a scientist at IARI , Swaminathan learn
ed about Dr. Borlaug's newly developed Me
xican dwarf wheat
•He invite Dr. Borlaug to India
•They developed new disease resistant hig
h yeilding varietiesof wheat & distributed to
farmers
•Swaminathan also innovated new metho
ds &techniques to increase production
•This will help small scale producers to see
that the new genetically superior grains cou
ld thrive in their fields
•This increased use of chemical fertilizers &
irrigation
•This improve the agricultural productivity i
n India
•This transform India from " Begging Bow
l " to " Bread Basket "
METHODS OF GREEN REVOLUTION

•Multiple cropping system

•Seeds with superior genetics
•Proper irrigation system
•High yielding variety of seeds
•Use of pesticides & fertilizers
•Use of modern machinery
•Expansion of farming areas
•Soil testing & soil conservation
 EFFECTS OF GREEN REVOLUTION

•Increase in production
•Capitalistic farming
•Reduction in import of food grains
•Development of industries
•Effect on prizes
•Increase in trade
•Change in thinking of farmers
 ADVANTAGES OF GREEN REVOLUTION

•Yeilds increased three times

•Other crops grown which varied the diet
•Improves standard of living
•Allows purchase of fertilizers , machinery e
tc
•India become self sufficient in food grains
•Reduced production costs
•Cheap prizes for food
•Life expectancy increased
 LIMITATIONS OF GREEN REVOLUTION

•Pollution & erosion of soil

•Pollution of water
•Deadly diseases
•Harmful for farmers
•Fertilizers decrease soil fertility
•Cause land degradation
 OTHER CONTRIBUTIONS

•He became the Director General of ICAR

in 1972
•Introduced the concept " Techniracy "
•Techniracy - Technical Literacy - to impart t
raining about latest techniques in agriculture
•In 1979 , Swaminathan became the Princi
pal Secretary in the Ministry of Agriculture &
Irrigation
•He is the only scientist who hold this hig
h rank in Government of India
•During this time , he developed " Crop -
Weather - Watch "
•This is a strategy to minimize bad weath
er and to maximize benefit of monsoon in I
ndia
•In 1982 , he became the Director Genera
l of IRRI
•Here he developed a project called "Wom
en in Rice Farming Systems "
•This project increase the role of women in
agricultural fields
•He also designed another program - " Pad
dy & Prosperity "
•This program organized training program
s to produce value added products from rice
straw , husk & bran
•Rice can be used in the following ways :
•As manure
•As substrate for mushroom
cultivation
•As animal feed
•As material for paper production
•As a source of biogas production
•Rice bran can be used to extract edible oi
l & also used in soap production
•De-oiled rice bran cake can be used as p
oultry feed
•Rice husk can be used as a source of ene
rgy & also for charcoal production
 MSSRF
•M.S Swaminathan Research Foundation w
as founded by Dr. M S Swaminathan in 1988
•It is located in Chennai , Tamil Nadu
•MSSRF is a non profit NGO trust
•It is started with the " World Food Prize Aw
ard " cash of $200,000
•This foundation aims to accelerate use of
modern science & technology for agricultural
development
•It developes and promotes strategies for
economic growth
•Their methods maximize the use of scien
ce and technology for environmental stabil
ity
•MSSRF operates in five areas - coastal sys
tem ,research , biodiversity ecotechnology
& food security
THANK YOU