HSPA+ Technology

Content

 HSPA+ Overview
 HSPA+ Key Technologies
 HSPA+ ZTE Solution Roadmap
 Mobile Data Services Leading the Future

 Multimedia services advantages:

 Multimedia service and characteristic will
help turning the down-trend of ARPU
 According to voice increment, advance the
loyalty and decrease the off-network rate
 Customized and rich data services will strengthen
the communication experience
Communication
Mobile multimedia data service will be
new profit growth source in future
HSPA+ Contribution to Cost Saving per Bit

5MHz Band Width 5MHz Band Width

3.6Mbps 11.52Mbps
R5 R7
15 Codes
16QAM
14.4Mbps

R7 5.76Mbps
2*SF2+2*SF4 R6
64QAM 2*2 MIMO 2ms TTI
21.6Mbps 28.8Mbps Downlink

Uplink
1.4Mbps

64QAM 2*2 MIMO R5

R8 43.2Mbps 0.384Mbps
4*4 MIMO

80 Mbps
Higher data throughput Lower Cost per bit
HSPA+ Key Technologies Dependency Map
DC-HSUPA DC-HSDPA+MIMO DB/MC HSDPA

MIMO+64QAM Dual-Cell Enhanced

HSDPA UE DRX

Enhanced UL CS over HS
CELL_FACH

L2 Enhancement DL-DRX MIMO 64QAM Enhanced

(UL) CELL_FACH

CPC
16QAM DPCCH UL DTX HS-SCCH Enhanced L2
Slot format 4 Less F-DPCH Enhancements(DL)

HS-DSCH

E-DCH R7 R8 R9
Content

 HSPA+ Overview
 HSPA+ Key Technologies
 HSPA+ ZTE Solution Roadmap
HSPA+ Key Technologies

 HSPA+ Broadband Technologies

 HSPA+ PS Improvement Technologies

 HSPA+ CS Improvement Technologies

HSPA+ Broadband Technologies

 L2 Enhancement

 HOM

 MIMO

 DC &MC HSPA

 Combinations
 L2- Enhancement
--Improved L2 support for high data rates
Max.1500byte/ Max.1500byte/ 3GPP pre-R6
PS packet PS packet
 Adopts the fixed size RLC PDU
PDCP PDCP  Mass of overhead and padding
Data Data
RNC 3GPP R7 – improved Lay-2
RLC RLC
 Max up to 1500 Byte packet size support to
Max. reduce overhead and break peak rate limit
40/80byte/ Max.1500byte/
RLC packet RLC packet  Flexible PDU size support for higher
transmission efficiency
Node B
MAC-hs MAC-ehs RLC RLC
MAC MAC-d

MAC- HS- HS-

hs / DSCH DSCH
MAC- FP FP
R6 R7 ehs L2 L2

New HS-DSCH frame format

on FP layer: supporting PHY PHY L1 L1
different MAC PDU size in
the same frame
Uu Iub/ Iur
HSPA+ Broadband Technologies

 L2 Enhancement

 HOM

 MIMO

 DC &MC HSPA

 Combinations
High Order Modulation: DL 64QAM for HSDPA

 64QAM: the new modulation mode

adopted in 3GPP R7
 one symbol denotes 6bit, 50%
modulation efficiency is improved
compared with 16QAM
 The peak rate for single user is
21.6Mbps, which improves 50% than
R5 HS-DSCH
101111

 UE category 13、14、17、18、19、20、23、24、27、28 support 64QAM

R99 DL QPSK DL 16QAM DL 64QAM

2 Mbps, 10ms TTI 14.4 Mbps, 2 ms/10 ms TTI 21.6 Mbps, 2ms TTI
Signal Quality and Simulation for 64QAM
Transport Number of
CQI value Block HS- Modulation
Size PDSCH

0 N/A Out of range

1 136 1 QPSK
… … … …
23 9736 7 16-QAM
24 11432 8 16-QAM
25 14424 10 16-QAM
Average Cell 90% UE
26 15776 10 64-QAM Throughput(M Throughput
27 21768 12 64-QAM bps) (Mbps）
16QAM 5.8271 0.77473
28 26504 13 64-QAM
29 32264 14 64-QAM
64QAM 6.4553 0.90954
30 32264 14 64-QAM

Compared with 16QAM, the cell throughput of macro cell DL 64QAM has been improved 11%
High Order Modulation: UL 16QAM in HSUPA
Average Average 90% percentile
Cell Ue Ue
Throughp Throughp Throughput(M
ut(Mbps) ut(Mbps) bps)
HSUPA
1.3993 1.3993 1.7031
10ms
HSUPA
3.051 3.051 3.8066
2ms
HSUPA
4.3587 4.3587 6.5066
16QAM

Cell throughput has been improved by 38%

Q Q Q
Applicable for E-DPDCH +3j

Applicable for 2xSF2+2xSF4 & 2ms TTI +j

+ + I I I
Reduce delay, improve UL capacity -3 -1
1 3 -j

11.52M for single user -3j

ZTE SDR Software Upgrade to Support 64QAM and L2
Enhancement
The BBU and RU of ZTE SDR is hardware ready for 64QAM DL.
 Recommend to enhance core network and transmission network

HSDPA / HSUPA 64QAM HSPA+

R8840  Only require software upgrade

 BBU and radio unit re-used

B8200

Add BP board for high throughput sites

Peak DL: 14.4Mbps, UL: 5.76Mbps Peak DL: 21.6Mbps

HSPA+ Broadband Technologies

 L2 Enhancement

 HOM

 MIMO

 DC &MC HSPA

 Combinations
MIMO(Multiple Input/Multiple Output)
Primary CPICH1 Ant1
transport block w1
HS-DSCH TrCH


processing
w2

Spread/scramble w3

Secondary
transport block w4 Ant2
HS-DSCH TrCH
processing  
CPICH 2
w1 w2 w3 w4
Primary: Always present for scheduled UE

Secondary: Optionally present for scheduled UE Weight Generation

Determine weight info

message from the uplink

 MIMO ( Multiple Input/Multiple Output ) : It uses multiple antennas respectively at the transmitting end
and receiving end to speed up date rate, decrease BER and improve QoS.
 Adopting 2*2 MIMO at the side of Node B: two sub-flows ( two transmission block) are transmitted
simultaneously in 2ms through two antennas, getting spatial diversity gain, improve the peak rate and
data throughput.
 The DL peak rate can be up to 28.8Mbps by 2*2 MIMO
 MIMO Upgrade Solutions on ZTE SDR Platform

Option 1：Adding SISO Radio Unit: R8840/RSU40

R8840
Add additional R8840

R8840
Software Upgrade

B8200

Option 2：Using MIMO Radio Unit: R8880/RSU80

B8200

Non-MIMO R8880
Replace R8840 to
BTS/Node B R8880

Software Upgrade

B8200
MIMO Performance Analysis
Simulation
UE throughput CDF for downlink
1 ZTE Lab Test Result
0.9
1x2
0.8 2x2

0.7

0.6
C.D.F

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
UE Throughput(Mbps)

Cell throughput has been improved by 47%

Average Cell Average cell Average UE 95% central 50% 5% edge

throughput freq efficiency throughput throughput throughput throughput

1x2 5.6343 1.1269 0.5634 2.0942 0.2854 0.027

2x2MIMO 8.2927 1.6585 0.8293 3.2221 0.3108 0.0301
MIMO Networking
 Because many legacy UE can not support equalizer receiver, their performance will
degrade 30-40% in STTD (Spatial Time Transmit Diversity) mode, so the STTD should
be avoided by using VAM (Virtual Antenna Mapping). In addition, Intelligent RRM can
balance MIMO, HSPA and R99 users in different carriers.

Virtual Antenna
Mapping

Non-MIMO Network MIMO Network MIMO MIMO HS,

f2 HS HS f2
Rel 99 Rel 99
Rel.99,
MIMO
OK OK

Single Transmit Dual

HS HS
Antenna Receive Mode f1 f1
Rel 99 Rel 99
STTD (Spatial Time
Legacy UE Transmit Diversity)
MIMO UE
Mode
PA1 PA2
HSPA+ Broadband Technologies

 L2 Enhancement

 HOM

 MIMO

 DC & MC HSPA

 Combinations
Dual-Cell HSDPA Operation on Adjacent Carriers
 Data of one user can be transmitted at the same time in two carriers, and Mac-ehs
divide data into different carriers through dual carriers jointly scheduling. Every carrier
independently implements coding, mapping, modulation and transmitting in Node B. In
UE, Every carrier demodulates independently, and MAC-ehs implements decoding and
combination.
 Peak data rate for a single UE can reach 28.8Mbps without 64QAM activated and
43.2Mbps with 64QAM activated.

Dual Carrier Enabled UE Legacy UE

Secondary Serve Cell Only HS-PDSCH and As normal cells

HS-SCCH
Cell 2
Primary Serve Cell
Cell 1 As normal cells As normal cells
DC HSDPA Performance
 After introducing Dual-Cell HSDPA,UE peak bit rate in downlink can reach 42Mbps,
i.e, 2 times to downlink bit rate of single cell because data of the same user can be
transferred in two carriers. DC-HSPDA can deal with the UE bit rate problem when the
radio condition is not as good as to using MIMO.

Sector Throughput Vs Users per Sector (PA3)

20
Sector Throughput (Mbps)

15

10

2x SC RxD
5
DC RxD

0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Users per sector
Dual Cell Network Deployment Considerations

 Network Cluster Deployment

 Based on traffic, operational strategy
Dual cell
 Primary Serve Cell Selection cluster
 Default selection on HSDPA preferred cell
 Load balance. If HSDPA cell overloaded, then DC UE will select the
other cell as primary cell
 Mobility Management
 Among DC-enabled cells
 Handover from DC-enabled cells to legacy cells
 Between DC and single layer cell

Secondary Serve Cell DC Disabled Cell

Cell 2 Cell 2
Cell 1 Primary Serve Cell DC Disabled Cell
Cell 1 Cell 1

HSDPA preferred cell

as Primary Cell
ZTE SDR Software Upgrade to Support Dual Cell HSDPA/HSUPA
The BBU and RU of ZTE SDR is hardware ready for dual cell
Purchase of more frequency license is recommend

HSDPA / HSUPA 64QAM HSPA+ Dual Cell HSDPA/HSUPA

software
upgrade

Peak DL: 14.4Mbps, Peak DL: 21.6Mbps, Peak DL: 42Mbps,

UL: 5.76Mbps UL: 11.5Mbps UL: 23Mbps
Multi Carrier and Dual Band HSPA
 Downlink:
 The multi carrier transmission only applies to HSDPA physical channels
 The carriers belong to the same Node-B and when on the same band, are on adjacent
carriers
 Uplink:
 The dual carrier transmission only applies to HSUPA physical channels
 The carriers belong to the same Node-B and when on the same band, are on adjacent
carriers
 Operation with at least 2 carriers configured simultaneously in downlink. In this case the
duplex distance between uplink carrier n and downlink carrier n will respect single carrier
rules.

An example configuration
Band Range
Up to 2 bands, combinations can be flexible.
Eg. GSM+DCS, DCS+2.1G… 2.1G Frequency 2
Frequency within same band
Must be adjacent frequency 2.1G Frequency 1
Maximum Carrier Number
Downlink can be up to 4 carriers 1800M Frequency 2
Uplink can be up to 2 carriers
1800M Frequency 1

Max. DL throughput up to 172.8Mbps, with 4 Carrier + 64QAM+MIMO

Max. UL throughput up to 23Mbps, with 2 carriers + 16QAM
HSPA+ Broadband Technologies

 L2 Enhancement

 HOM

 MIMO

 DC &MC HSPA

 Combinations
Combinations
 64QAM + MIMO
DL cell peak rate reaches to Max. 43.2Mbps.
 DC-HSDPA + 64QAM
DL user peak rate reaches to Max. 43.2Mbps.
 DC-HSDPA + MIMO
DL user peak rate reaches to Max. 57.6Mbps.
 DC-HSDPA + 64QAM + MIMO
DL user peak rate reaches to Max. 86.4Mbps.
MIMO Vs SIMO: ISD = 1km,
7
x 10 OCNS=0 (Interfering sector Tx power = 30%)
2.5

Sector Throughput (bps)

1.5

2xSC MIMO
DC MIMO
1
2xSC SIMO
DC SIMO

0.5

0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Users per sector
HSPA+ PS Service Enhancement

 CPC

 Enhanced CELL_FACH
CPC – Continuous Packet Connectivity for Data Users
CPC：Continuous Packet Connectivity for packet data user
System resource consuming for inactive users reduces to 1/3 of R6
Reducing UL interference ,increasing PS users amount on-line to about 45%
Increasing PS user online time to about 30%

 New UL DPCCH slot format  Downlink DRX

-- The UL DPCCH slot format has been optimized to -- Adopting other channel except DCH in CELL_DCH
reduce the overhead of control channel, and state, UE could receive the DL HS-SCCH channel
improve VoIP UL capacity and reduce UE power. information discontinually to reduce UE power.

CPC improves the

online terminal number
and their online time  UL DPCCH DTX – reduce
 HS-SCCH LESS UL interference, and
improve capacity
R99 CS:
-- Used to reduce HS-SCCH overhead and improve HSUPA：
capacity for low-delay & low-rate services, such as Continuous DPCCH receiving
VoIP and game. And the HARQ confirmation HSUPA：
information from UL HS-DPCCH includes ACK only. Discontinuous DPCCH receiving
E-DPDCH/DPDCH
DPCCH
HSPA+ PS Service Enhancement

 CPC

 Enhanced CELL_FACH
Downlink Enhanced CELL_FACH

The mapping from BCCH

and PCCH to HS-DSCH are
Logic BCCH PCCH CCCH DCCH DTCH
added in HSPA+

HS-DSCH application
MAC-b MAC-c/sh MAC-hs/MAC-ehs
DL transmission bandwidth
Transmission BCH PCH FACH HS-DSCH
flux

State Switch Delay Physical BCH PCH HS-DSCH

DCH FACH PCH

R6 HS-DSCH transmission uses the CELL_DCH state and other states uses
the common channel, the flux and switch efficiency of CELL_DCH are
limited.
Uplink Enhanced CELL_FACH

 E-DCH could work as a common transmission channel

 United with the R99 random access signature
transmission and E-DCH transmission, improve the
UL performance of dedicated and common
transmission channel in idle and connection mode.

Combine the E-DCH transmission with R99 random access signature transmission
and power increase, this process could start in CELL_FACH and IDLE state.

Supports transmitting DTCH/DCCH and CCCH in CELL_FACH and IDLE sate

Links the MAC-c/sh and MAC-es to transmit CCCH message.

Improve the peak rate of CELL_FACH,

CELL-FACH/IDLE state reduce signaling delay
CCCH
DTCH
DCCH Reduce the delay produced when UE
state switch
HSPA+ CS Service Enhancement

 VoIP

 CS over HSPA
VoIP
Legacy AMR
MSC Differences between VoIP and Legacy AMR
DCH
lu

UE Node B RNC IMS

■ Legacy AMR through CS core to
lub
process while VoIP through PS core
lu-ps
VoIP SGSN GGSN

HSPA ■ IMS is introduced for VoIP to realize

service switching

UE Node B RNC SGSN

Sub Flow Sub Flow ■ Legacy AMR bearer is on RLC,

A B C A B C 3 sub-flows of VoIP bearer follow
3 steps:
RTP/UDP/IP RTP/UDP/IP

PDCP PDCP lu-UP Package on RTP/UDP/IP

RLC RLC

Bear on PDCH
MAC- MAC-hs/ DPA/UPA MAC-
d/MAC-e/es MAC-e FP d/MAC-es

PHY PHY TNL TNL Bear on RLC

HSPA+ CS Service Enhancement

 VoIP

 CS over HSPA
CS Voice over HSPA
Iu
CS RAB (AMR frames) CS RAB (AMR frames)

Demux PDCP PDCP AMR Data PDU

RAB Sub flows

Class A, B, C bits
RLC RLC RLC RLC
RLC SDU
TM TM TM UM

DTCHs (Logical channels)

MAC MAC MAC MAC-d MAC-d flow

DCHs (Transport Channels)
TrCH#A, TrCH#B, TrCH#C
Iub
Priority Queue
MAC-hs - Discard Timer

Scheduler

HS-DSCH (Transport Channel)

PHY PHY
Radio Frames
Radio Frames

 CS voice is born on HSPA channels; data links of HSPA carry circuit data, connect to CS core.
 CS voice over HSPA use one UM RLC RB for HSPA, two/three TM RLC RBs for DCH
 A new PDCP AMR Data PDU is defined for AMR service
 UEs manage de-jitter buffer through Max CS delay , ensure the whole delay in E2E system
CS over HSPA and VoIP Performance
 CS Over HSPA:
● Admit more CS voice users, improve the cell capacity. In theory, CS capacity can reach the
level of VoIP ;
● Reduce the CS voice connection time, and reduce the UE battery consume. During CS call
request for concurrent PS service will reduce PS set up time;
● No change in Core network, no need to introduce IMS.
 VOIP:
● Latest simulation report shows that based on the same channel environment and user
distribution, single cell capacity of legacy AMR voice users is about 62 active users and VoIP
over HSPA is up to 126. Therefore, compared with legacy voice service R99 performance
VoIP over HSPA has nearly 100% gain.

R 99 CS Voice : AMR CS Voice : WB - AMR CS over HSPA

DCH , CN （ CS ） DCH , CN （ CS ） HS - DSCH , CN （ CS ）
PS Voice : VOIP
HS - DSCH , CN （ PS , IMS ）

CS Voice over DCH CN CS Domain CN CS Domain

CS Voice over HSDPA
Content

 HSPA+ Overview
 HSPA+ Key Technologies
 HSPA+ ZTE Solution Roadmap
ZTE 3G HSP+ Features Roadmap
2009Q4
U9.2
HSPA Evolution
 DL 28.8Mbps: 2*2 MIMO
New Services Ability
 CPC
 Enhanced F-DPCH
 CS over HSPA
 Cell Broadcast Service (R8)
QoE Enhancement
 Inter-RAT Load based HO
 NACC
 Inter-RAT PS Handover
 DTM Handover
 Enhanced Iur-g
NE Efficiency & TCO
Saving
 MC Dynamic Power Sharing
 RAN sharing P2
O&M Optimization
 CDT & CTS Enhancement
2010Q2 2010Q4 2011Q3
U9.3 U10 U11
HSPA Evolution HSPA Evolution HSPA Evolution
 DL 43.2Mbps: DC-HSDPA  DL 43.2Mbps: 64QAM + MIMO  DL 86.4Mbps: DC-HSDPA
+ 64QAM  UL 11.5Mbps: UL 16QAM + 64QAM + MIMO
New Services Ability  Advanced Rake Receiver  UL 23Mbps: DC-HSUPA
 IMB P1  UL Interference Canceling New Services Ability
 Snow 3G Security New Services Ability  MBMS P3
Algorithms  IMB P2 QoE Enhancement
- UEA2 Ciphering  Enhanced Cell FACH (DL&UL)  2 ms TTI uplink range
- UIA2 Integrity Protection  Enhanced UE DRX improvement
QoE Enhancement  SR-VCC NE Efficiency & TCO
 Fast Dormancy QoE Enhancement Saving
 UMTS/LTE Cell Re-  Enhanced HS-DSCH SCC
 Flat Architecture P2:
selection  Enhanced SRNS Relocation
- Sharing Carrier
 UMTS/LTE Handover
NE Efficiency & TCO
Saving
 RNC in Pool
 Extended Cell Range to 240Km
 RAN Sharing P3
 Flat Architecture P1
- Dedicated Carrier

HSPA+ R7 R8
Released Planned Planning

39
ZTE SDR Based HSPA/HSPA+ Solution
—— High Performance Baseband Board, unified MicroTCA platform

 Support multi-service:
Support R99/HSPA/HSPA+/MBMS simultaneously.
 Extra processing capability:
Share UL/DL BP board has 128CE uplink/downlink processing
192CE
capability, provides extra DL 43.2Mbps & UL 15Mbps
without CE occupying.
HSPA occupies no  Smooth evolution:
CE resource; extra
58.2Mbps Evolve to HSPA+ / LTE with software upgrade only.

 192 CE
High performance
MicroTCA Platform  43.2Mbps HSDPA
Baseband unit
 15Mbps HSUPA
 3CS

 single platform supports

CDMA/WiMAX/GSM//UMTS/LTE.
 MicroTCA architecture ensures the
open architecture and evolvement.
The Global Fastest HSPA+ Network
---- Hong Kong CSL launched the first SDR based HSPA+ network

SDR based HSPA+ Network

Smooth Evolution to LTE

CSL CEO: ZTE helps us roll-out the 1st all IP HSPA+ network
in Hong Kong, using the SDR-based solution. We are happy
to see that many problems in incumbent network had been
tackled.

Telstra CEO: Telstra picks ZTE as the major strategic partner,

we both are expecting further corporation in the other
interested areas.
The Global Fastest HSPA+ Network
—— CSL HSPA+ commercial Launching
30th Mar, 2009, CSL teams up with ZTE to host commercial promotion entitled
“Tomorrow’s Technology >>> Today” in HKCEC, which symbols the network with highest rate,
widest coverage and most reliable performance is formally put into operation.

Full network coverage Data download: Online video:

Peek 21Mbps For the same documents 9M/s real time online video,
CSL NextG： 14 s no delay
Average 18Mbps in more than
70% area others: 32+ s
Experience Next G at Hong Kong CSL 1O1O store

 On March 31, 2009, ZTE and CSL

jointly launched Next GTM commercial
network, the first 21Mbps mobile
network and the world’s fastest
broadband mobile network.

 At one of CSL 1O1O stores in Mong

Kok, HK, the data rate shown in the
connection manager was 15.27Mbps.