Disiapkan Oleh:

Muhammad Iqbal, ST., M.Sc

Jurusan Teknik Arsitektur – Universitas
Malikussaleh
Tahun 2015
The world cannot afford to stick to the
conventional energy development path, relying
on fossil fuels, nuclear, and other outdated
technologies. Energy efficiency improvements
and renewable energy must play leading roles
in the world’s energy future.
 Global energy demand will continue to grow
rapidly at about 1.9% per annum over the next
20 years (compared to 1.6% between 1980 and
early 2000s). This is driven by a number of
factors:

 Rising but aging population levels

 Rising urbanization in developing countries
 Rising levels of prosperity
Over a period of 200
years, five energy
technology
innovations have
dramatically altered
the global energy
scene
Oil
 Crude oil prices are highly volatile. Supply is price
driven and there is still untapped potential worldwide.
 World oil consumption by developing countries is
around 22 million barrels per day.
 Industrialised countries consume about 43 million
barrels a day.
 initiatives in a number of countries. Initiatives
include:
∗ structural adjustments;
∗ technical innovation;
∗ economic incentives;
∗ financial support; and
∗ appropriate legislation.
Coal
 World coal consumption has increased, though the
trend varies from region to region.
 Coal consumption is increasing in USA, Japan,
and the developing Asian countries.
 Consumption has declined in western and eastern
Europe and former Soviet Union countries.
 Coal continues to be a key source of energy,
especially for power generation.
 Poor coal quality is an emerging area of concern in
many developing countries
Natural Gas
 Natural gas is the fastest growing source in
world energy consumption.
 Natural gas is preferred for new power
generation projects because it is a cleaner fuel,
and because of high end-use efficiency.
 Nuclear Power
 Hydro Power
 Diesel
Renewable Sources

 The amount of electricity generated from conventional

fossil fuels in the world has risen by a factor of 1.54 in
the last two decades. It reached 8,800 billion kWh in
1999.
 In the same period, the electricity generated throughout
the world from nuclear, hydro and renewable sources rose
by a factor of 2.08. It reached 5,200 billion kWh in 1999.
 Development of renewable is largely dependent on fuel
prices, tariffs and policy.
 It is predicted that the share of renewable energy sources
will remain at around 8 per cent of the world’s total
energy consumption.
 Many hydro-electric power projects are being pursued in
Asia where 3.7 per cent annual growth in renewable
energy sources is envisaged over the next decade. With
increasing capacity and development efforts, the capital
costs of renewable technologies are falling.
Renewable energy, combined with energy
efficiency, can meet half of the world’s energy
needs by 2050.

Renewable energy technologies such as wind

turbines, solar photovoltaic panels, biomass
power plants, solar thermal collectors, and bio
fuels are rapidly becoming mainstream.
 Photovoltaics (PV)
 Concentrating solar power plants
 Solar thermal collectors for heating and
cooling
 Wind Power
 Biomass
 Biodiesel
Options for meeting increasing energy
demands are: to increase capacity − with the
attendant environmental and cost implications
of that choice − or to increase energy efficiency.

The world cannot afford to stick to the

conventional energy development path, relying
on fossil fuels, nuclear, and other outdated
technologies. Energy efficiency improvements
and renewable energy must play leading roles
in the world’s energy future.