1-6 Relations and Functions

Objectives
Identify the domain and range of relations
and functions.
Determine whether a relation is a function.

Vocabulary Words
Relation and Function
Vertical Line Test
Domain and Range

Holt Algebra 2
 1-6 Relations and Functions

A relation is a pairing of input values with

output values. It can be shown as a set of
ordered pairs (x,y), where x is an input and
y is an output.
The set of input (x) values for a relation is
called the domain, and the set of output
(y) values is called the range.

Holt Algebra 2
 1-6 Relations and Functions
Mapping Diagram

Domain Range
A
2 B
C

Set of Ordered Pairs

{(2, A), (2, B), (2, C)}

(x, y) (domain, range)

Holt Algebra 2
 1-6 Relations and Functions
Example 1: Identifying Domain and Range

Give the domain and range for this relation:

{(100,5), (120,5), (140,6), (160,6), (180,12)}.

List the set of ordered pairs:

{(100, 5), (120, 5), (140, 6), (160, 6), (180, 12)}
Domain: {100, 120, 140, 160, 180} The set of x-coordinates.

Range: {5, 6, 12} The set of y-coordinates.

Holt Algebra 2
 1-6 Relations and Functions
Example 2
Give the domain and range for the relation
shown in the graph.
List the set of ordered pairs:
{(–2, 2), (–1, 1), (0, 0),
(1, –1), (2, –2), (3, –3)}

Domain: {–2, –1, 0, 1, 2, 3} The set of x-coordinates.

Range: {–3, –2, –1, 0, 1, 2} The set of y-coordinates.

Holt Algebra 2
 1-6 Relations and Functions
Not a function: The relationship
from number to letter is not a
function because the domain value 2
is mapped to the range values A, B,
and C.

Function: The relationship from

letter to number is a function
because each letter in the domain is
mapped to only one number in the
range.

Both functions and non-functions are relations!

Holt Algebra 2
 1-6 Relations and Functions

Holt Algebra 2
 1-6 Relations and Functions
Example 3A: Using the Vertical-Line Test

Use the vertical-line test to determine

whether the relation is a function. If not,
identify two points a vertical line would pass
through.

This is a function. Any vertical

line would pass through only
one point on the graph.

Holt Algebra 2
 1-6 Relations and Functions
Example 3B Using the Vertical-Line Test

Use the vertical-line test to determine whether

the relation is a function. If not, identify two
points a vertical line would pass through.

This is a function. Any vertical

line would pass through only
one point on the graph.

Holt Algebra 2
 1-6 Relations and Functions
Example 3C: Using the Vertical-Line Test

Use the vertical-line test to determine

whether the relation is a function. If not,
identify two points a vertical line would pass
through.

This is not a function. A vertical

line at x = 1 would pass through
(1, 1) and (1, –2).

Holt Algebra 2
 1-6 Relations and Functions
Function: The relationship is a function if each member of
the domain is mapped to only one number in the range.

Example 4A: Is this relation a function?

From graph or ordered pairs:

{(–2, 2), (–1, 1), (0, 0),

(1, –1), (2, –2), (3, –3)}

Holt Algebra 2
 1-6 Relations and Functions
Function: The relationship is a function if each member of
the domain is mapped to only one number in the range.

Example 4B: Is this relation a function?

{(100,5), (120,5), (140,6), (160,6), (180,12)}.

Identify the domain and range:

Domain: {100, 120, 140, 160, 180}
Range: {5, 6, 12}

Holt Algebra 2
 1-6 Relations and Functions

Example 4C: Is this relation a function?

A. There is only one price for

each shoe size. The relation
from shoe sizes to price
makes is a function.

B. Names in a classroom and grades

C. (Reverse B…) from class grades, find student

name.

Holt Algebra 2
 1-6 Relations and Functions
Example 5A: Is this relation a function?

Use the vertical-line test to determine whether

the relation is a function. If not, identify two
points a vertical line would pass through.

This is not a function. A vertical

line at x = 1 would pass
through (1, 2) and (1, –2).

Holt Algebra 2
 1-6 Relations and Functions
Example 5B: Is this relation a function?

Use the vertical-line test to determine

whether the relation is a function. If not,
identify two points a vertical line would pass
through.

not a function

Holt Algebra 2